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IN THIS ISSUE:

Link Between Hormone-Disrupting Chemicals and Health Problems

Posted Feb 22, 2013

Many chemicals found in household and industrial products that have not been adequately tested could have disrupting effects on the hormone system and lead to significant health issues, according to a United Nations report released today.

The report highlights some associations between exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and health problems such as breast cancer in women, prostate cancer, attention deficit and hyperactivity in children and thyroid cancer.

“Chemical products are increasingly part of modern life and support many national economies, but the unsound management of chemicals challenges the achievement of key development goals, and sustainable development for all,” said the Executive Director of the UN Environment Programme ( UNEP ), Achim Steiner.

The report, produced jointly by UNEP and the World Health Organization ( WHO ), calls for more research to fully understand the associations between EDCs and specific diseases and disorders.

“Investing in new testing methods and research can enhance understanding of the costs of exposure to EDCs, and assist in reducing risks, maximizing benefits and spotlighting more intelligent options and alternatives that reflect a transition to a green economy,” said Mr. Steiner.

The endocrine system regulates the release of certain hormones that are essential for functions such as metabolism, growth and development, sleep and mood. EDCs can alter these functions increasing the risk of adverse health effects.

EDCs can enter the environment through industrial and urban discharges, agricultural run-off and the burning and release of waste. Some EDCs occur naturally, while synthetic varieties can be found in pesticides, electronics, personal care products and cosmetics. They can also be found as additives or contaminants in food.

“We urgently need more research to obtain a fuller picture of the health and environment impacts of endocrine disruptors,” said the WHO Director for Public Health and Environment, Maria Neira. “The latest science shows that communities across the globe are being exposed to EDCs, and their associated risks. WHO will work with partners to establish research priorities to investigate links to EDCs and human health impacts in order to mitigate the risks. We all have a responsibility to protect future generations.”

The report, ” State of the Science of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals ,” also raises similar concerns on the impact of EDCs on wildlife. In Alaska in the United States, exposure to such chemicals may contribute to reproductive defects, infertility and antler malformation in some deer populations. The otter and sea lion populations may also be at risk due to the chemical found in certain pesticides.

The report recommends further testing to identify EDCs and their routes of exposure to humans and wildlife. It also calls for wider collaboration among scientists so their shared data can fill in the current gaps in knowledge primarily in developing countries.

“Research has made great strides in the last ten years showing endocrine disruption to be far more extensive and complicated than realized a decade ago,” said the Chief Editor of the report,

Many chemicals found in household and industrial products that have not been adequately tested could have disrupting effects on the hormone system and lead to significant health issues, according to a United Nations report released today.

The report highlights some associations between exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and health problems such as breast cancer in women, prostate cancer, attention deficit and hyperactivity in children and thyroid cancer.

"Chemical products are increasingly part of modern life and support many national economies, but the unsound management of chemicals challenges the achievement of key development goals, and sustainable development for all," said the Executive Director of the UN Environment Programme ( UNEP ), Achim Steiner.

The report, produced jointly by UNEP and the World Health Organization ( WHO ), calls for more research to fully understand the associations between EDCs and specific diseases and disorders.

"Investing in new testing methods and research can enhance understanding of the costs of exposure to EDCs, and assist in reducing risks, maximizing benefits and spotlighting more intelligent options and alternatives that reflect a transition to a green economy," said Mr. Steiner.

The endocrine system regulates the release of certain hormones that are essential for functions such as metabolism, growth and development, sleep and mood. EDCs can alter these functions increasing the risk of adverse health effects.

EDCs can enter the environment through industrial and urban discharges, agricultural run-off and the burning and release of waste. Some EDCs occur naturally, while synthetic varieties can be found in pesticides, electronics, personal care products and cosmetics. They can also be found as additives or contaminants in food.

"We urgently need more research to obtain a fuller picture of the health and environment impacts of endocrine disruptors," said the WHO Director for Public Health and Environment, Maria Neira. "The latest science shows that communities across the globe are being exposed to EDCs, and their associated risks. WHO will work with partners to establish research priorities to investigate links to EDCs and human health impacts in order to mitigate the risks. We all have a responsibility to protect future generations."

The report, " State of the Science of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals ," also raises similar concerns on the impact of EDCs on wildlife. In Alaska in the United States, exposure to such chemicals may contribute to reproductive defects, infertility and antler malformation in some deer populations. The otter and sea lion populations may also be at risk due to the chemical found in certain pesticides.

The report recommends further testing to identify EDCs and their routes of exposure to humans and wildlife. It also calls for wider collaboration among scientists so their shared data can fill in the current gaps in knowledge primarily in developing countries.

"Research has made great strides in the last ten years showing endocrine disruption to be far more extensive and complicated than realized a decade ago," said the Chief Editor of the report,

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Don’t Be SAD, Keep Winter Blues Away

Posted Jan 11, 2013

(May not apply to other forms of depression)

–Increased appetite with weight gain

–Loss of interest in work or other activities

–Less energy and ability to

concentrate

–Unhappiness and irritability

–Increased sleep

–Hopelessness

–Sluggish movements

–Social withdrawal

Source: PubMed Health Every year at this time, Tina Kirkham looks at the calendar and starts to tense up.

That’s because she knows she’s heading into her most difficult part of the season.

“It seems like every year it hits worse,” said the mother and nutrition assistant with Utah State University’s Expanded Food Nutrition Education Program.

Kirkham, 50, said she has suffered from Seasonal Affective Disorder for a long time.

SAD is a mood disorder in which people who have normal mental health throughout most of the year experience depressive symptoms in a specific part of the year — either the winter or summer, spring or autumn — every year, according to Wikipedia.

Medical sites state that the disorder is most common in the winter.

“I have to use a special light lamp in the morning,” said Kirkham, who listed a host of steps she takes to try to stay positive.

Among them, Kirkham takes a prescription moodenhancing drug, writes in a mood journal, thinks positive thoughts, takes regular naps and eats well.

“I know to exercise, but some days, I have no motivation. I have to make myself work, and helping others helps myself,” she said.

Kirkham knows she is not alone.

Through her life experiences, she has met many who are just like her.

“I think living in Utah and its high altitude makes it worse,” she said, also commenting on Utah’s bad air quality. “I also find that creative people suffer the most in my dealings with people I work with.”

Dianna Abel, a psychologist and director of the Counseling Service Center at Weber State University, said anxiety and depression are by far the largest two categories students who seek help fall into.

“These truly do get worse during the winter,” she said.

Like Kirkham, Abel also pointed to limited exposure to light as a key source of people’s mood swings.

“People need to get out and get some sunlight,” she said, recommending that those who suffer need to “make time” to make sure this happens.

“They need to get up in the elevation,” Abel said, recommending day trips to Park City. “If they can make some time, it will make a difference.”

The psychologist said people who notice seasonal depression can help themselves by paying particular attention to the healthy routines they already know are good for them.

She named the same types of behaviors as Kirkham outlined, with the addition of staying away from excessive alcohol.

Abel said one mistake people make is not making time for fun and friends.

Listing ways people can elevate their moods — things like taking a bubble bath, watching a favorite movie and doing something active like skiing — Abel said remembering to hang out with friends is also important.

Another suggestion Abel makes is to redirect negative thoughts. She said one thing people do is put a rubber band on their wrist. When they catch themselves having negative thoughts, they flick the rubber band as a way to remind themselves to stop.

Abel also said new research surrounds the role of gratitude in changing people’s morale.

“People should take some time at regular intervals to journal those kinds of things,” she said about gratitude lists. “If you can bring those things into focus, that would help.”

Andrea Widdison, of Hooper, said she has watched as her husband has learned to cope with his “winter blues.”

“He works in a building with no windows or natural light, and he starts work before sunrise. He often stays late and arrives home shortly before dark,” she said.

“It used to affect him a lot more when he brought his lunch to work and stayed indoors all day. However, he’s found that, if he just goes out for lunch every day and gets some natural light, it’s considerably better.”

But Widdison said all that eating out sometimes can lead to another problem — winter waistline.

___

©2013 the Standard-Examiner (Ogden, Utah)

Visit the Standard-Examiner (Ogden, Utah) at www.standard.net

Distributed by MCT Information Services

(May not apply to other forms of depression)

--Increased appetite with weight gain

--Loss of interest in work or other activities

--Less energy and ability to

concentrate

--Unhappiness and irritability

--Increased sleep

--Hopelessness

--Sluggish movements

--Social withdrawal

Source: PubMed Health Every year at this time, Tina Kirkham looks at the calendar and starts to tense up.

That's because she knows she's heading into her most difficult part of the season.

"It seems like every year it hits worse," said the mother and nutrition assistant with Utah State University's Expanded Food Nutrition Education Program.

Kirkham, 50, said she has suffered from Seasonal Affective Disorder for a long time.

SAD is a mood disorder in which people who have normal mental health throughout most of the year experience depressive symptoms in a specific part of the year -- either the winter or summer, spring or autumn -- every year, according to Wikipedia.

Medical sites state that the disorder is most common in the winter.

"I have to use a special light lamp in the morning," said Kirkham, who listed a host of steps she takes to try to stay positive.

Among them, Kirkham takes a prescription moodenhancing drug, writes in a mood journal, thinks positive thoughts, takes regular naps and eats well.

"I know to exercise, but some days, I have no motivation. I have to make myself work, and helping others helps myself," she said.

Kirkham knows she is not alone.

Through her life experiences, she has met many who are just like her.

"I think living in Utah and its high altitude makes it worse," she said, also commenting on Utah's bad air quality. "I also find that creative people suffer the most in my dealings with people I work with."

Dianna Abel, a psychologist and director of the Counseling Service Center at Weber State University, said anxiety and depression are by far the largest two categories students who seek help fall into.

"These truly do get worse during the winter," she said.

Like Kirkham, Abel also pointed to limited exposure to light as a key source of people's mood swings.

"People need to get out and get some sunlight," she said, recommending that those who suffer need to "make time" to make sure this happens.

"They need to get up in the elevation," Abel said, recommending day trips to Park City. "If they can make some time, it will make a difference."

The psychologist said people who notice seasonal depression can help themselves by paying particular attention to the healthy routines they already know are good for them.

She named the same types of behaviors as Kirkham outlined, with the addition of staying away from excessive alcohol.

Abel said one mistake people make is not making time for fun and friends.

Listing ways people can elevate their moods -- things like taking a bubble bath, watching a favorite movie and doing something active like skiing -- Abel said remembering to hang out with friends is also important.

Another suggestion Abel makes is to redirect negative thoughts. She said one thing people do is put a rubber band on their wrist. When they catch themselves having negative thoughts, they flick the rubber band as a way to remind themselves to stop.

Abel also said new research surrounds the role of gratitude in changing people's morale.

"People should take some time at regular intervals to journal those kinds of things," she said about gratitude lists. "If you can bring those things into focus, that would help."

Andrea Widdison, of Hooper, said she has watched as her husband has learned to cope with his "winter blues."

"He works in a building with no windows or natural light, and he starts work before sunrise. He often stays late and arrives home shortly before dark," she said.

"It used to affect him a lot more when he brought his lunch to work and stayed indoors all day. However, he's found that, if he just goes out for lunch every day and gets some natural light, it's considerably better."

But Widdison said all that eating out sometimes can lead to another problem -- winter waistline.

___

©2013 the Standard-Examiner (Ogden, Utah)

Visit the Standard-Examiner (Ogden, Utah) at www.standard.net

Distributed by MCT Information Services

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Decision To Use HRT Very Individualized

Posted June 15, 2012

Should women who suffer from the demobilizing symptoms of menopause — hot flashes, night sweats, sleeplessness and mood swings — take hormone replacement therapy?

That is the question facing many women, since a groundbreaking study a decade ago turned the tables on the medical approach to relieving the symptoms of menopause with hormones.

The answer: the decision is a highly individualized one, to be determined between each patient and her doctor, South Florida physicians say.

“There is not one answer that fits all women because each woman’s risk is different,” said Dr. Silvina Levis, professor of medicine at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and director of its Osteoporosis Center.

In 2002, a study by the Women’s Health Initiative was halted after 5 1/2 years when researchers found that estrogen and progestin supplements significantly increased the rate of heart attacks, stroke, blood clots and breast cancer in healthy postmenopausal women.

The increased risk of a heart attack or stroke began in the first year of hormone use, while the risk of breast cancer jumped after four years on hormones.

While the study’s methodology has been criticized by many, there is no doubt that the conclusions have caused a sea change in how doctors prescribe hormones to their patients, physicians say.

Until then, the prevailing medical belief was that hormone replacement could help prevent such ailments as heart disease and osteoporosis. Women often began taking hormones as soon as they began feeling the symptoms of menopause, and continued them for life.

Now, doctors suggest that women in perimenopause (the period before menopause begins) or menopause, who are suffering from symptoms that are interfering with their daily lives, should consult with their doctor if they wish to consider hormone replacement.

“What changed is the practice — what women choose to do and what doctors prescribe, it changed it significantly,” Levis said. “Now, the pendulum is swinging back a little bit, in that some women do get estrogen.”

Menopausal symptoms vary from woman to woman, doctors say. Some women go through the transition symptom-free, others have symptoms for a year or two, and others experience symptoms that drag on for years.

“If a woman is very symptomatic, can’t sleep at night, has hot flashes through the day and night sweats that really bother her, we try to help her,” Levis said. “Women with severe menopausal symptoms have a very hard time, and hormone therapy can really help them.”

Doctors will weigh the symptoms with the potential risks, looking at a patient’s own medical history as well as family history, particularly for heart disease and stroke.

“It’s a very personal decision,” said Dr. Veronica McCloskey, a cardiologist with the Columbia University division of cardiology at Mount Sinai Medical Center, in Hialeah. “If you have an extensive family history of stroke and we know that in the first year there is an increased risk of stroke, maybe you really shouldn’t take it. If you have a very strong family history of heart disease, maybe it’s not a good idea.”

In fact, heart disease in women before menopause is rare, but after menopause it increases dramatically, and is the No. 1 killer of women in the United States, McCloskey said.

So, along those lines, if a patient is very overweight, has high blood pressure, high cholesterol and has a significant family history for early onset heart disease, she may not be a good candidate, said Dr. Victoria Lopez-Beecham, a gynecologist and obstetrician at Baptist Hospital in Kendall.

So who, then, is a good candidate for hormone replacement therapy?

> Lopez-Beecham cited those patients who are very symptomatic for “vasomotor symptoms,” such as hot flashes and night sweats; those who suffer from severe vaginal dryness from a lack of estrogen; who do not have any contraindications, like a significant family history of breast cancer or high risk for cardiovascular disease; and are relatively young, say 50 to 55.

“The trend is to give as low as dose as you can for as short a duration as possible, to try to alleviate those symptoms,” she said, “provided the medicine you are going to give is not going to put her at significant risk.”

Another reason to take hormone replacement therapy is to slow the aging process, said Dr. Amanda Richards-Bullock, a gynecologist and obstetrician at the University of Miami.

“With the lack of hormones, the body starts to lose calcium from the bones, so women become at risk for osteoporosis and a loss of connectivity from blood vessels and skin — the wrinkles, the drying out, all those fun things,” Richards-Bullock said. “We can’t stop it but we can slow it down a little bit.”

She advises that patients undergo blood tests to see what hormones are lacking, and only replace those that are missing.

©2012 The Miami Herald

Visit The Miami Herald at www.miamiherald.com

Should women who suffer from the demobilizing symptoms of menopause -- hot flashes, night sweats, sleeplessness and mood swings -- take hormone replacement therapy?

That is the question facing many women, since a groundbreaking study a decade ago turned the tables on the medical approach to relieving the symptoms of menopause with hormones.

The answer: the decision is a highly individualized one, to be determined between each patient and her doctor, South Florida physicians say.

"There is not one answer that fits all women because each woman's risk is different," said Dr. Silvina Levis, professor of medicine at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and director of its Osteoporosis Center.

In 2002, a study by the Women's Health Initiative was halted after 5 1/2 years when researchers found that estrogen and progestin supplements significantly increased the rate of heart attacks, stroke, blood clots and breast cancer in healthy postmenopausal women.

The increased risk of a heart attack or stroke began in the first year of hormone use, while the risk of breast cancer jumped after four years on hormones.

While the study's methodology has been criticized by many, there is no doubt that the conclusions have caused a sea change in how doctors prescribe hormones to their patients, physicians say.

Until then, the prevailing medical belief was that hormone replacement could help prevent such ailments as heart disease and osteoporosis. Women often began taking hormones as soon as they began feeling the symptoms of menopause, and continued them for life.

Now, doctors suggest that women in perimenopause (the period before menopause begins) or menopause, who are suffering from symptoms that are interfering with their daily lives, should consult with their doctor if they wish to consider hormone replacement.

"What changed is the practice -- what women choose to do and what doctors prescribe, it changed it significantly," Levis said. "Now, the pendulum is swinging back a little bit, in that some women do get estrogen."

Menopausal symptoms vary from woman to woman, doctors say. Some women go through the transition symptom-free, others have symptoms for a year or two, and others experience symptoms that drag on for years.

"If a woman is very symptomatic, can't sleep at night, has hot flashes through the day and night sweats that really bother her, we try to help her," Levis said. "Women with severe menopausal symptoms have a very hard time, and hormone therapy can really help them."

Doctors will weigh the symptoms with the potential risks, looking at a patient's own medical history as well as family history, particularly for heart disease and stroke.

"It's a very personal decision," said Dr. Veronica McCloskey, a cardiologist with the Columbia University division of cardiology at Mount Sinai Medical Center, in Hialeah. "If you have an extensive family history of stroke and we know that in the first year there is an increased risk of stroke, maybe you really shouldn't take it. If you have a very strong family history of heart disease, maybe it's not a good idea."

In fact, heart disease in women before menopause is rare, but after menopause it increases dramatically, and is the No. 1 killer of women in the United States, McCloskey said.

So, along those lines, if a patient is very overweight, has high blood pressure, high cholesterol and has a significant family history for early onset heart disease, she may not be a good candidate, said Dr. Victoria Lopez-Beecham, a gynecologist and obstetrician at Baptist Hospital in Kendall.

So who, then, is a good candidate for hormone replacement therapy?

> Lopez-Beecham cited those patients who are very symptomatic for "vasomotor symptoms," such as hot flashes and night sweats; those who suffer from severe vaginal dryness from a lack of estrogen; who do not have any contraindications, like a significant family history of breast cancer or high risk for cardiovascular disease; and are relatively young, say 50 to 55.

"The trend is to give as low as dose as you can for as short a duration as possible, to try to alleviate those symptoms," she said, "provided the medicine you are going to give is not going to put her at significant risk."

Another reason to take hormone replacement therapy is to slow the aging process, said Dr. Amanda Richards-Bullock, a gynecologist and obstetrician at the University of Miami.

"With the lack of hormones, the body starts to lose calcium from the bones, so women become at risk for osteoporosis and a loss of connectivity from blood vessels and skin -- the wrinkles, the drying out, all those fun things," Richards-Bullock said. "We can't stop it but we can slow it down a little bit."

She advises that patients undergo blood tests to see what hormones are lacking, and only replace those that are missing.

©2012 The Miami Herald

Visit The Miami Herald at www.miamiherald.com

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Many Struggle with Eating and Exercise Disorders

Posted April 30, 2012

A healthier heart, greater bone density, strength and muscle mass, decreased body fat and stress reduction are just a few of the benefits of an exercise program. The key to enjoying safe, long-lasting benefits and results, however, is to recognize and understand the difference between training and over-training.

Although not widely publicized, a growing number of people struggle with an obsessive and compulsive need to exercise. Those with body-image illnesses are particularly preoccupied with the notion that they do not “measure up.” Within this mindset, diet and exercise can be a means to fix a perceived flaw, rather than for purposes of good health.

One body-image disorder that often goes hand in hand with compulsive exercise is anorexia nervosa, which is characterized by a preoccupation with weight, size and dieting.

According to the Mayo Clinic, anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that causes people to obsess about their weight and the food they eat. People with anorexia nervosa attempt to maintain a weight that’s far below normal for their age and height. To prevent weight gain or to continue losing weight, people with anorexia nervosa may starve themselves or exercise excessively.

Often suffering with low self-esteem, compulsive exercise and food restriction may be used as a form of self-punishment for eating too many calories, not performing well on a test or at work, annoying a friend or family member, etc. Obsessive workout sessions are usually extremely long in duration and/or high in intensity, and often contain a ritualistic aspect .

Symptoms of anorexia nervosa and compulsive exercise may include fear of body fat and gaining weight, misperception of self (not seeing themselves as they really are), desire to become thinner and thinner, and in females, loss of menstrual periods.

Other warning signs include working out with injuries or when sick, extreme worry or mood swings if sessions are missed, and the need to work out more than once a day or for many hours per day.

Those with compulsive exercise disorders become anxious and feel extreme guilt when they are unable to work out, and rarely find it fun or enjoyable.

Treatment of obsessive-compulsive exercise and other body-image disorders is extremely important. Without intervention, health and physical safety, emotional well-being and many other areas of life are affected considerably.

Obsessive-compulsive illness affects both men and women, and it should be noted that body weight alone is not always a marker of the condition. Spotting such clues usually comes from someone close to the person. This may be a family member, friend, teacher, coach or anyone else familiar with warning signs.

Marjie Gilliam is a certified personal trainer and fitness consultant. Email: marjie@ohtrainer.com. This article appeared in the Dayton Daily News.

A healthier heart, greater bone density, strength and muscle mass, decreased body fat and stress reduction are just a few of the benefits of an exercise program. The key to enjoying safe, long-lasting benefits and results, however, is to recognize and understand the difference between training and over-training.

Although not widely publicized, a growing number of people struggle with an obsessive and compulsive need to exercise. Those with body-image illnesses are particularly preoccupied with the notion that they do not "measure up." Within this mindset, diet and exercise can be a means to fix a perceived flaw, rather than for purposes of good health.

One body-image disorder that often goes hand in hand with compulsive exercise is anorexia nervosa, which is characterized by a preoccupation with weight, size and dieting.

According to the Mayo Clinic, anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that causes people to obsess about their weight and the food they eat. People with anorexia nervosa attempt to maintain a weight that's far below normal for their age and height. To prevent weight gain or to continue losing weight, people with anorexia nervosa may starve themselves or exercise excessively.

Often suffering with low self-esteem, compulsive exercise and food restriction may be used as a form of self-punishment for eating too many calories, not performing well on a test or at work, annoying a friend or family member, etc. Obsessive workout sessions are usually extremely long in duration and/or high in intensity, and often contain a ritualistic aspect .

Symptoms of anorexia nervosa and compulsive exercise may include fear of body fat and gaining weight, misperception of self (not seeing themselves as they really are), desire to become thinner and thinner, and in females, loss of menstrual periods.

Other warning signs include working out with injuries or when sick, extreme worry or mood swings if sessions are missed, and the need to work out more than once a day or for many hours per day.

Those with compulsive exercise disorders become anxious and feel extreme guilt when they are unable to work out, and rarely find it fun or enjoyable.

Treatment of obsessive-compulsive exercise and other body-image disorders is extremely important. Without intervention, health and physical safety, emotional well-being and many other areas of life are affected considerably.

Obsessive-compulsive illness affects both men and women, and it should be noted that body weight alone is not always a marker of the condition. Spotting such clues usually comes from someone close to the person. This may be a family member, friend, teacher, coach or anyone else familiar with warning signs.

Marjie Gilliam is a certified personal trainer and fitness consultant. Email: marjie@ohtrainer.com. This article appeared in the Dayton Daily News.

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Edible Aphrodisiacs or Old Wives’ Tales?

Posted Feb 16, 2012

Would you enjoy guacamole less if you knew why avocados are considered aphrodisiacs?

The Aztecs called the avocado, the key ingredient in guac, “ahuacatl,” meaning testicle, said Cassie Wrich, a Hillcrest registered dietitian. The reason why, it seems, is the fruit’s shape — and because they hang in pairs.

Avocados are among a list of foods that, thanks to various cultures, old wives’ tales or just because of their shapes, are assigned powers beyond mere nutrition. They are, some believe, edible aphrodisiacs.

“There’s no guarantee,” Wrich said before going over a list she found online. “I couldn’t find any scientific research.”

Many of the effects these foods have come from what the food looks like or symbolizes to a certain culture, Wrich said — like those avocados, which are said to make a man more virile.

Oysters are the No. 1 aphrodisiac people think of, Wrich said. Oysters have a high zinc content, which increases sperm count and boosts libido.

Garlic, perhaps surprisingly, is high on the list, too, Wrich said. It contains allicin, a compound that increases blood flow, which is quite important in sex.

Chocolate, of course, is called an aphrodisiac because of the feeling of well being or relaxation it provides. And figs — the leaves of which Adam and Eve wore — were ascribed the qualities of love and fertility by Cleopatra.

Other foods are labeled aphrodisiacs just because of their shapes, like almonds and bananas.

Juniper chef Justin Thompson’s relatively new restaurant at 324 E. Third St. is booked solid Valentine’s Day for its special aphrodisiac menu — four courses featuring delights ranging from fresh-shucked oysters, avocado creme fraiche and chocolate banana bread pudding, just to name a few.

“Do I believe that eating raw oysters or chocolate is going to turn Frigid Frannie into a sex kitten during the course of dinner? Not so much,” said Amanda Simcoe, known locally as “the Cheese Wench.” She’s also co-host and producer of KRMG’s “OKfoodie” radio show 2 p.m. Saturdays and noon Sundays.

Moreover, Simcoe doubts that eating suggestively shaped food — bananas, for example — influences a person’s mood.

Still, she understands why folks look at the oyster with its testosterone-boosting attributes, or chocolate and its positive effects on mood as potential turn-ons. When you look at much of the medical research, though, many doctors and scientists insist there is not enough of an effect to really make a noticeable difference, she said.

“My theory is that people who eat foods that make them feel good, for whatever reason, are going to have an improved mood,” Simcoe said. When looking at “in-the-mood foods,” she thinks it’s more important to think about foods you should avoid.

“Anything super-greasy, heavy or likely to cause bodily upset in any way is not a good idea if you are hoping to get frisky later,” Simcoe said. “No one feels sexy when it seems as they have ingested a bowling ball.”

Stick with foods that are packed with vitamins and protein, which give you energy, she advised. Also, eating/smelling certain favorite fo|ods can trigger emotional reactions based on fond memories.

“I really think that there is little better than sharing a fabulous, favorite meal with someone special to put you in a romantic frame of mind,” she said. “Add in having said fave meal prepared by your fave person, and it’s even better.”

It matters less what you cook or eat than the details of the company and circumstances, Simcoe said.

“If someone really wants to get my attention, he pays attention to what I’m into,” she said. “He knows that a six-pack of an awesome local microbrew is way more impressive than a dozen roses.”

Would you enjoy guacamole less if you knew why avocados are considered aphrodisiacs?

The Aztecs called the avocado, the key ingredient in guac, "ahuacatl," meaning testicle, said Cassie Wrich, a Hillcrest registered dietitian. The reason why, it seems, is the fruit's shape -- and because they hang in pairs.

Avocados are among a list of foods that, thanks to various cultures, old wives' tales or just because of their shapes, are assigned powers beyond mere nutrition. They are, some believe, edible aphrodisiacs.

"There's no guarantee," Wrich said before going over a list she found online. "I couldn't find any scientific research."

Many of the effects these foods have come from what the food looks like or symbolizes to a certain culture, Wrich said -- like those avocados, which are said to make a man more virile.

Oysters are the No. 1 aphrodisiac people think of, Wrich said. Oysters have a high zinc content, which increases sperm count and boosts libido.

Garlic, perhaps surprisingly, is high on the list, too, Wrich said. It contains allicin, a compound that increases blood flow, which is quite important in sex.

Chocolate, of course, is called an aphrodisiac because of the feeling of well being or relaxation it provides. And figs -- the leaves of which Adam and Eve wore -- were ascribed the qualities of love and fertility by Cleopatra.

Other foods are labeled aphrodisiacs just because of their shapes, like almonds and bananas.

Juniper chef Justin Thompson's relatively new restaurant at 324 E. Third St. is booked solid Valentine's Day for its special aphrodisiac menu -- four courses featuring delights ranging from fresh-shucked oysters, avocado creme fraiche and chocolate banana bread pudding, just to name a few.

"Do I believe that eating raw oysters or chocolate is going to turn Frigid Frannie into a sex kitten during the course of dinner? Not so much," said Amanda Simcoe, known locally as "the Cheese Wench." She's also co-host and producer of KRMG's "OKfoodie" radio show 2 p.m. Saturdays and noon Sundays.

Moreover, Simcoe doubts that eating suggestively shaped food -- bananas, for example -- influences a person's mood.

Still, she understands why folks look at the oyster with its testosterone-boosting attributes, or chocolate and its positive effects on mood as potential turn-ons. When you look at much of the medical research, though, many doctors and scientists insist there is not enough of an effect to really make a noticeable difference, she said.

"My theory is that people who eat foods that make them feel good, for whatever reason, are going to have an improved mood," Simcoe said. When looking at "in-the-mood foods," she thinks it's more important to think about foods you should avoid.

"Anything super-greasy, heavy or likely to cause bodily upset in any way is not a good idea if you are hoping to get frisky later," Simcoe said. "No one feels sexy when it seems as they have ingested a bowling ball."

Stick with foods that are packed with vitamins and protein, which give you energy, she advised. Also, eating/smelling certain favorite fo|ods can trigger emotional reactions based on fond memories.

"I really think that there is little better than sharing a fabulous, favorite meal with someone special to put you in a romantic frame of mind," she said. "Add in having said fave meal prepared by your fave person, and it's even better."

It matters less what you cook or eat than the details of the company and circumstances, Simcoe said.

"If someone really wants to get my attention, he pays attention to what I'm into," she said. "He knows that a six-pack of an awesome local microbrew is way more impressive than a dozen roses."

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Vitamin D Check

Posted Jan 31, 2012

The winter season is upon it, with a lack of daylight hours, cloudy days and temperamental weather. And so we pack on the winter pounds, get the winter blues, and go into relative metabolic hibernation until spring arrives. But what if we could circumvent some of this seasonal downturn in our health?

Paying attention to our Vitamin D intake may be a way to improve our health, and to improve a host of medical conditions. Research has found that the following medical conditions may be linked to Vitamin D levels:

Cancer. Improving calcium and vitamin D nutritional status substantially reduces all-cancer risk in postmenopausal women. This was suggested from a study in 2007 of more than 1,100 women in Nebraska, in which treatment with Vitamin D and blood levels of Vitamin D were found to be both linked to a reduced incidence of all cancers.

Multiple Sclerosis. A recent study performed by the U.S. military looked at more than 250 cases of multiple sclerosis, and found that those who had higher levels of Vitamin D in their bloodstream were at lower risk of developing MS.

Insulin-dependant diabetes. A study of children born in Finland in 1966 and followed for 30 years showed that those who had supplemental Vitamin D in their first year had a significantly lower risk of developing insulin-dependant diabetes, and those who had rickets (severe vitamin D deficiency) had a much higher risk of developing insulin dependent diabetes later in life.

Rheumatoid arthritis. Postmenopausal women with the highest total vitamin D intakes were at significantly lower risk of developing RA after 11 years of follow-up than those with the lowest intakes.

Osteoporosis and Fractures. Many studies suggest that vitamin D3 supplements of at least 800 IU/day may be helpful in reducing bone loss and fracture rates in the elderly.

Cognitive functioning. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to decreased cognitive performance in older adults.

Depression. Low vitamin D levels have been linked to low mood and depression, with one study showing blood Vitamin D levels 14 percent lower in people with major and minor depression as compared to non-depressed patients.

Despite these numerous health benefits, surprisingly, more than half of all adults and children are deficient in Vitamin D, according to a 2008 report in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

So what should you do in the winter to ensure that you are getting enough Vitamin D to offset the lack of vitamin D from sunlight exposure?

You could try to obtain Vitamin D naturally through a few foods, including some fatty fish (mackerel, salmon, sardines), fish liver oils and eggs from hens that have been fed vitamin D. You also can take Vitamin D in the form of a supplement.

In 2010, the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) of the Institute of Medicine set a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) based on the amount of vitamin D needed for bone health. It is recommended that most adults take 600 IU of Vitamin D, with those over 71 recommended to take 800 IU of Vitamin D in supplementation.

Those most at risk for low Vitamin D levels include people who are older, have diabetes or kidney disease, stay indoors, are obese or have darker skin.

Drs. Kay Judge and Maxine Barish-Wreden are medical directors of Sutter Downtown Integrative Medicine program. Have a question related to alternative medicine? E-mail adrenaline@sacbee.com.

The winter season is upon it, with a lack of daylight hours, cloudy days and temperamental weather. And so we pack on the winter pounds, get the winter blues, and go into relative metabolic hibernation until spring arrives. But what if we could circumvent some of this seasonal downturn in our health?

Paying attention to our Vitamin D intake may be a way to improve our health, and to improve a host of medical conditions. Research has found that the following medical conditions may be linked to Vitamin D levels:

Cancer. Improving calcium and vitamin D nutritional status substantially reduces all-cancer risk in postmenopausal women. This was suggested from a study in 2007 of more than 1,100 women in Nebraska, in which treatment with Vitamin D and blood levels of Vitamin D were found to be both linked to a reduced incidence of all cancers.

Multiple Sclerosis. A recent study performed by the U.S. military looked at more than 250 cases of multiple sclerosis, and found that those who had higher levels of Vitamin D in their bloodstream were at lower risk of developing MS.

Insulin-dependant diabetes. A study of children born in Finland in 1966 and followed for 30 years showed that those who had supplemental Vitamin D in their first year had a significantly lower risk of developing insulin-dependant diabetes, and those who had rickets (severe vitamin D deficiency) had a much higher risk of developing insulin dependent diabetes later in life.

Rheumatoid arthritis. Postmenopausal women with the highest total vitamin D intakes were at significantly lower risk of developing RA after 11 years of follow-up than those with the lowest intakes.

Osteoporosis and Fractures. Many studies suggest that vitamin D3 supplements of at least 800 IU/day may be helpful in reducing bone loss and fracture rates in the elderly.

Cognitive functioning. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to decreased cognitive performance in older adults.

Depression. Low vitamin D levels have been linked to low mood and depression, with one study showing blood Vitamin D levels 14 percent lower in people with major and minor depression as compared to non-depressed patients.

Despite these numerous health benefits, surprisingly, more than half of all adults and children are deficient in Vitamin D, according to a 2008 report in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

So what should you do in the winter to ensure that you are getting enough Vitamin D to offset the lack of vitamin D from sunlight exposure?

You could try to obtain Vitamin D naturally through a few foods, including some fatty fish (mackerel, salmon, sardines), fish liver oils and eggs from hens that have been fed vitamin D. You also can take Vitamin D in the form of a supplement.

In 2010, the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) of the Institute of Medicine set a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) based on the amount of vitamin D needed for bone health. It is recommended that most adults take 600 IU of Vitamin D, with those over 71 recommended to take 800 IU of Vitamin D in supplementation.

Those most at risk for low Vitamin D levels include people who are older, have diabetes or kidney disease, stay indoors, are obese or have darker skin.

Drs. Kay Judge and Maxine Barish-Wreden are medical directors of Sutter Downtown Integrative Medicine program. Have a question related to alternative medicine? E-mail adrenaline@sacbee.com.

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Exercise Boosts School Performance

Posted Jan 11, 2012

Children who get more exercise tend to do better in school, whether it comes as recess, physical education classes or even walking to and from school, according to findings published in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.

The study comes at a time when many U.S. schools have been cutting physical activity time in favor of more academic test preparation. Daviess County and Owensboro public school districts, however, agree with the study’s findings and have raised the amount of exercise opportunities, not only to combat the growing trend of obesity and inactivity in youngsters, but also because officials believe it enhances the educational experience.

“Physical activity is all part of the puzzle of learning,” said Amy Bouchard, the physical education instructor at Meadow Lands Elementary School. “Physical education is just as important as reading and writing and arithmetic.

“Physical activity increases the blood flow, so not only is that increasing the oxygen level to the brain, but it also improves cardio-respiratoy endurance. When the oxygen level to the brain increases, it facilitates learning. The children become more alert. They’re able to retain more.

“Physical activity also helps with behavior. It allows them to become more focused and engaged in the learning process. They’re not just sitting there zoning out.”

Many of the schools in the city and county have walking trails and use them during recess, and before- and after-school programs.

“We have 10 minutes of physical activity every day, even if the students have PE that day,” Bouchard said. “It’s a valuable part of the learning process.”

The international study’s author said there needs to be a balance in physical activity and academics, but that exercise benefits the student in the classroom. The study included an “observational” report in which researchers asked parents, teachers and students how active the youngsters were and then tracked their academic performance.

In another study component, one group of students was given extra time for physical education classes and other health and fitness exercises, and their academic scores were compared against a group that didn’t get extra exercise. The researchers found that those with higher rates of physical activity did better in the classroom.

The study included any kind of physical activity, from stretching and movement during a classroom break to a standard physical education class.

“As a PE teacher, I see the overall health benefit of exercise, but classroom teachers also tell me how much more focused the kids are in class,” said Jammia Joska, an instructor at Sutton Elementary School. “Their attention span is better, and it improves their classroom behavior when they get physical activity.”

Sutton Principal Dana Johnson made a push to increase PE from two 30-minute classes a week to three. The third PE class includes time on the walking track. Sutton and Cravens elementary schools recently installed walking tracks, and students are encouraged to come before school to walk, as well as participate in walking clubs, among other activities.

Bouchard agreed that behavior improves after exercise.

“It puts the students in a good mood,” she said. “And it’s helps socially because they get to be with their friends. They’re moving, they’re having fun, so they’re enjoying that part of the education process.”

In 2010, Meadow Lands and Southern Oaks elementary schools were among 20 Kentucky schools with the highest percentage of participation in the “Get Active Get Fit!” School Challenge, which included at least 15 minutes of physical activity a day for at least 40 of the 55 challenge days.

Rich Suwanski, 691-7315, or rsuwanski@messenger-inquirer.com

©2012 the Messenger-Inquirer (Owensboro, Ky.)

Children who get more exercise tend to do better in school, whether it comes as recess, physical education classes or even walking to and from school, according to findings published in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.

The study comes at a time when many U.S. schools have been cutting physical activity time in favor of more academic test preparation. Daviess County and Owensboro public school districts, however, agree with the study's findings and have raised the amount of exercise opportunities, not only to combat the growing trend of obesity and inactivity in youngsters, but also because officials believe it enhances the educational experience.

"Physical activity is all part of the puzzle of learning," said Amy Bouchard, the physical education instructor at Meadow Lands Elementary School. "Physical education is just as important as reading and writing and arithmetic.

"Physical activity increases the blood flow, so not only is that increasing the oxygen level to the brain, but it also improves cardio-respiratoy endurance. When the oxygen level to the brain increases, it facilitates learning. The children become more alert. They're able to retain more.

"Physical activity also helps with behavior. It allows them to become more focused and engaged in the learning process. They're not just sitting there zoning out."

Many of the schools in the city and county have walking trails and use them during recess, and before- and after-school programs.

"We have 10 minutes of physical activity every day, even if the students have PE that day," Bouchard said. "It's a valuable part of the learning process."

The international study's author said there needs to be a balance in physical activity and academics, but that exercise benefits the student in the classroom. The study included an "observational" report in which researchers asked parents, teachers and students how active the youngsters were and then tracked their academic performance.

In another study component, one group of students was given extra time for physical education classes and other health and fitness exercises, and their academic scores were compared against a group that didn't get extra exercise. The researchers found that those with higher rates of physical activity did better in the classroom.

The study included any kind of physical activity, from stretching and movement during a classroom break to a standard physical education class.

"As a PE teacher, I see the overall health benefit of exercise, but classroom teachers also tell me how much more focused the kids are in class," said Jammia Joska, an instructor at Sutton Elementary School. "Their attention span is better, and it improves their classroom behavior when they get physical activity."

Sutton Principal Dana Johnson made a push to increase PE from two 30-minute classes a week to three. The third PE class includes time on the walking track. Sutton and Cravens elementary schools recently installed walking tracks, and students are encouraged to come before school to walk, as well as participate in walking clubs, among other activities.

Bouchard agreed that behavior improves after exercise.

"It puts the students in a good mood," she said. "And it's helps socially because they get to be with their friends. They're moving, they're having fun, so they're enjoying that part of the education process."

In 2010, Meadow Lands and Southern Oaks elementary schools were among 20 Kentucky schools with the highest percentage of participation in the "Get Active Get Fit!" School Challenge, which included at least 15 minutes of physical activity a day for at least 40 of the 55 challenge days.

Rich Suwanski, 691-7315, or rsuwanski@messenger-inquirer.com

©2012 the Messenger-Inquirer (Owensboro, Ky.)

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App Charges a Fee When You Skip the Gym

Posted Jan 10, 2012

If, in New Years past, a steadfast resolution to get your butt to the gym has resulted in your butt remaining steadfastly planted on your couch, it may be time to introduce your butt to hyperbolic discounting.

Hyperbolic discounting is not a fitness trend or diet plan or mail-order device that systematically smoothes cellulite while you sleep.

It’s an economic principle.

“Things that are farther out in time, we pay less mind to more than things that are closer or happening now,” explains 2010 Harvard grad Yifan Zhang. “Fitness is a perfect example. We don’t really want to go to the gym right now, but our future self will really wish we had gone to the gym.”

Monetary penalty, Zhang contends, can bridge the gap between your current (couch-bound) and future (toned-butt) selves. And not just the money you’re already sinking into a gym membership. We’re talking money on top of that money.

Gym Pact, a new program dreamed up by Zhang and fellow Harvard grad Geoff Oberhofer, charges you a penalty for skipping your workouts. It launches Jan. 1 at gympact.com.

“A gym membership is something you pay for at the beginning of the year or the beginning of the month, and there’s no additional money on the line,” Zhang says. “We wanted to tie a cash incentive to every single workout you do, week-by-week.”

Here’s how it works: You set a pact to get to the gym of your choice a certain number of times (minimum one day per week). You pick a fee to charge yourself for breaking your pact (minimum $5 per day missed). You download the Gym Pact app to your smart phone and check in when you get to the gym. (They’ll use GPS to confirm you’re actually there.) And when you fall short of your pact? They charge your credit card the pre-determined penalty.

“It’s based on sound theory,” says Eric Endlich, a Boston-based clinical psychologist who specializes in health and wellness. “Part of the reason certain things are addictive – gambling, alcohol, drugs – are the fairly immediate rewards. I’ve always thought if you drank and got a hangover immediately and then felt great the next day, no one would drink. People are motivated by immediate consequences.”

But can short-term incentives lead to long-term health? Sure, says Endlich.

“Once someone develops a habit, a certain amount of momentum takes over as people experience the benefits, and the habit is more likely to continue,” he says. “You start exercising to lose weight for your wedding or to win a bet at work and suddenly you have less stress, more energy, your cholesterol is going down. You have a better chance of sticking with it for new reasons you didn’t have to begin with.”

Of course, plenty of hurdles stand between would-be exercisers and actual exercise. And some of them can’t be addressed by financial incentives.

“The No. 1 reason people say they don’t exercise is time,” says Jennifer Hurst, professor of exercise science at Truman State University in Kirksville, Mo. “Anybody can change for two weeks, but all of the sudden life comes in and you aren’t as motivated as you thought you would be.”

Hurst would like to see fitness centers play more of a consulting role to help people incorporate exercise into their lives.

“Fitness centers are designed for people who are ready to go,” Hurst says. “It’s going to take personal trainers who also have an understanding about behavior change processes, not just how to lift weights and use machines. People who will help you set goals and work the process of getting healthy into your life.”

Zhang and her Gym Pact colleagues tweaked the program after a soft launch in October, in part to more accurately reflect how fitness does (or doesn’t) fit into most people’s lives.

“We used to have people commit for a month of six months,” Zhang says. “But things come up. People get sick, you go on vacation. Now you commit week-by-week and you can change your pact for the next week any time until Sunday night. If you have a busy week coming up, you lower your commitment. If you have a light week, you up your commitment.”

They also added a positive incentive program, by which Gym Pact users who meet their fitness goals receive a small payout at the end of the week. (The money paid in by pact-breakers is divvied up among pact-keepers.)

It may not be the silver bullet that remedies the nation’s fitness ills, but any incentive is better than nothing, says Endlich.

“Americans are overwhelmingly sedentary,” he says. “Anything that helps them change their habits in a healthier direction is good. As much as technology and medicine have advanced, we haven’t come up with anything that remotely helps your health like exercise.

“No pill can help your mood, give you more energy, benefit sleep patterns, reduce every major cause of death and have no side effects,” he continues. “Exercise offers some 50-100 health benefits. If a simple program of incentive helps people do more of it, great.”

About the app

Gym Pact became available for free through the app store for iPhone on Jan. 1. The HTML5 app should be out around mid-March, and that will work for Android, BlackBerry, etc., according to the company.

If, in New Years past, a steadfast resolution to get your butt to the gym has resulted in your butt remaining steadfastly planted on your couch, it may be time to introduce your butt to hyperbolic discounting.

Hyperbolic discounting is not a fitness trend or diet plan or mail-order device that systematically smoothes cellulite while you sleep.

It's an economic principle.

"Things that are farther out in time, we pay less mind to more than things that are closer or happening now," explains 2010 Harvard grad Yifan Zhang. "Fitness is a perfect example. We don't really want to go to the gym right now, but our future self will really wish we had gone to the gym."

Monetary penalty, Zhang contends, can bridge the gap between your current (couch-bound) and future (toned-butt) selves. And not just the money you're already sinking into a gym membership. We're talking money on top of that money.

Gym Pact, a new program dreamed up by Zhang and fellow Harvard grad Geoff Oberhofer, charges you a penalty for skipping your workouts. It launches Jan. 1 at gympact.com.

"A gym membership is something you pay for at the beginning of the year or the beginning of the month, and there's no additional money on the line," Zhang says. "We wanted to tie a cash incentive to every single workout you do, week-by-week."

Here's how it works: You set a pact to get to the gym of your choice a certain number of times (minimum one day per week). You pick a fee to charge yourself for breaking your pact (minimum $5 per day missed). You download the Gym Pact app to your smart phone and check in when you get to the gym. (They'll use GPS to confirm you're actually there.) And when you fall short of your pact? They charge your credit card the pre-determined penalty.

"It's based on sound theory," says Eric Endlich, a Boston-based clinical psychologist who specializes in health and wellness. "Part of the reason certain things are addictive - gambling, alcohol, drugs - are the fairly immediate rewards. I've always thought if you drank and got a hangover immediately and then felt great the next day, no one would drink. People are motivated by immediate consequences."

But can short-term incentives lead to long-term health? Sure, says Endlich.

"Once someone develops a habit, a certain amount of momentum takes over as people experience the benefits, and the habit is more likely to continue," he says. "You start exercising to lose weight for your wedding or to win a bet at work and suddenly you have less stress, more energy, your cholesterol is going down. You have a better chance of sticking with it for new reasons you didn't have to begin with."

Of course, plenty of hurdles stand between would-be exercisers and actual exercise. And some of them can't be addressed by financial incentives.

"The No. 1 reason people say they don't exercise is time," says Jennifer Hurst, professor of exercise science at Truman State University in Kirksville, Mo. "Anybody can change for two weeks, but all of the sudden life comes in and you aren't as motivated as you thought you would be."

Hurst would like to see fitness centers play more of a consulting role to help people incorporate exercise into their lives.

"Fitness centers are designed for people who are ready to go," Hurst says. "It's going to take personal trainers who also have an understanding about behavior change processes, not just how to lift weights and use machines. People who will help you set goals and work the process of getting healthy into your life."

Zhang and her Gym Pact colleagues tweaked the program after a soft launch in October, in part to more accurately reflect how fitness does (or doesn't) fit into most people's lives.

"We used to have people commit for a month of six months," Zhang says. "But things come up. People get sick, you go on vacation. Now you commit week-by-week and you can change your pact for the next week any time until Sunday night. If you have a busy week coming up, you lower your commitment. If you have a light week, you up your commitment."

They also added a positive incentive program, by which Gym Pact users who meet their fitness goals receive a small payout at the end of the week. (The money paid in by pact-breakers is divvied up among pact-keepers.)

It may not be the silver bullet that remedies the nation's fitness ills, but any incentive is better than nothing, says Endlich.

"Americans are overwhelmingly sedentary," he says. "Anything that helps them change their habits in a healthier direction is good. As much as technology and medicine have advanced, we haven't come up with anything that remotely helps your health like exercise.

"No pill can help your mood, give you more energy, benefit sleep patterns, reduce every major cause of death and have no side effects," he continues. "Exercise offers some 50-100 health benefits. If a simple program of incentive helps people do more of it, great."

About the app

Gym Pact became available for free through the app store for iPhone on Jan. 1. The HTML5 app should be out around mid-March, and that will work for Android, BlackBerry, etc., according to the company.

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Is the Paleo Diet For You?

Posted Dec 28, 2011

The contents of Mike and Ashley Bledsoe’s refrigerator would make a vegetarian swoon.

The Cordova couple polish off 10 pounds of meat and five dozen eggs each week.

It’s part of a high-protein diet, to which the couple feel they largely owe their trim and muscular physiques.

While people searching for better health are increasingly turning to vegetarian and vegan diets, there is a group of health hunters taking a more primal route.

Followers of the Paleo Diet and lifestyle, also known as the Caveman Diet, strive to recreate not only the diet, but also the physical routine and sleep patterns of their Paleolithic ancestors.

The idea behind the trend is that foods alien to our bodies have wreaked havoc on our systems, introducing diseases unknown to our ancestors, such as obesity, diabetes and Alzheimer’s.

Eating like a caveman, means depending on freshly killed animals and readily available vegetation.

That means no dairy, grains, legumes, processed food or refined sugars.

Instead, the proponents consume unlimited quantities of lean meat, as well as seafood, eggs, fruit, vegetables, seeds and nuts.

“I’m only going to call it Paleo if it’s as close to natural as possible,” said Mike Bledsoe, 30, who went

paleo two years ago.

Emphasizing high-quality food, Paleo followers search out fresh produce and meat, he said.

Trainer and co-owner of Faction Strength & Conditioning, home of CrossFit Memphis in Cordova, Bledsoe has a local farm make regular deliveries of vegetables and grass-fed beef to the gym.

With his encouragement, nearly all of the gym’s 135 members follow the diet to some degree, he said.

It’s created a tribe of Paleo fanatics, with members swapping recipes and throwing around nicknames like “Grok.”

CrossFit gyms across the country have been among the biggest converters of people to the Paleo lifestyle.

The CrossFit workout fits well with what many envision as the caveman’s routine — climbing, jumping, running and lifting weights.

“There’s no machines, there’s no unnatural movements that go on,” Bledsoe said.

Paleo extremists will run barefoot, lifting large objects found in the wilderness.

Bledsoe simply opts for minimally padded sneakers and sticks to an indoor workout.

The intensity at which Paleo followers practice the lifestyle varies widely.

Some believe the human body wasn’t meant to ingest cooked food and so they eat a completely raw diet. Some give blood regularly to mimic blood loss that might have occurred while hunting their dinner.

Like many people who go Paleo, Ashley Bledsoe, 29, says she’s seen a lengthy list of health improvements.

“My skin looks better, my hair grows better,” she said.

Most significantly, Bledsoe’s digestive problems that would leave her in agony after a meal have evaporated, she said.

Paleo critics, however, worry about the long-term effects of cutting out entire food groups.

“I guess cavemen didn’t live long enough to acquire osteoporosis,” said Marian Levy, associate professor at the University of Memphis and director of the master of public health program.

“For people living into their 60s and 70s, they need calcium for osteoporosis and food high in fiber and low in fat to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease,” she said.

A heavy protein diet can also put stress on the kidneys, she said.

Michael McGoldrick, 25, a manufacturing sales representative, who participates in CrossFit competitions, is considered a dedicated Paleo among his caveman comrades.

With the pectorals of a silverback gorilla, McGoldrick’s competitions include lifting more than 250 pounds.

To live out his primal side, the Cordova resident will steal away to his father’s log cabin in Arkansas, where he swims in the river and runs up hills, lugging heavy stones and logs.

“At first I wanted to look better, and that moved into I wanted to feel better,” McGoldrick said.

He had experimented with The Zone Diet, but got burned out calculating his food portions, he said.

“I liked not having to measure my food and just eating until I was full,” he said.

Much as caveman are believed to have waited long stretches between eating large meals, every so often, McGoldrick will do a five-day fast, when he drinks only a concoction of palm tree juice.

McGoldrick has been satisfied with the improvements he’s seen in his body, but its the shift in mood that has kept him hooked.

“I’m balanced. I don’t get that crash in the afternoon,” he said. “I sleep better and I wake up more refreshed.”

Books and blogs by paleo gurus, like Robb Wolf and Dr. Loren Cordain, have been key in teaching modern-day paleos how to take on the caveman lifestyle.

Tyler Wainright, an East Memphis resident and manager at Medtronic, has been chronicling his journey into the Stone Age-lifestyle over the past few months on his blog PaleoMemphis.tumblr.com.

The father of two young girls, Wainright, 34, started noticing a little pudge around the middle, when he decided to make a big lifestyle switch.

With a family history of weight gain, heart disease and cancer, he began researching diets.

“It fits my lifestyle,” said Wainright, who loves that he can still eat bacon.

Unlike the intense Crossfit workout, he’s been doing light running and walking, he said.

Since the summer, Wainright has lost 20 pounds and 10 percent of his body fat, he said.

But 21st century living doesn’t always lend itself to the caveman’s ways.

To simulate the sun, lights should be dimmed 90 minutes before bedtime, Bledsoe said, and you should get roughly nine hours of sleep without sunlight or a blinking alarm clock.

“We try to, but modern life gets in the way,” he said.

And many Paleos have their moments of weakness.

“One to two hours a week I cut loose. I drink beer, I eat pizza,” Bledsoe said.

He often feels something similar to a hangover afterward, he said, but it only reinvigorates him to get back to clean living.

Bledsoe envisions pulling together a documentary paralleling the life of the caveman with modern-day man. Where the caveman’s life was threatened by hungry animals and foul weather, today’s human is being killed off by processed food, he said.

On the other hand, McGoldrick doesn’t spend time philosophizing over Paleolithic ancestors.

“I’m an extremely religious person, so I don’t know if I believe that,” Goldrick said. “What I do believe is how It makes me feel.”

Paleo Diet resources

Robb Wolf: robbwolf.com

Dr. Loren Cordain: thepaleodiet.com

Tyler Wainright, Memphis blogger:

paleomemphis.tumblr.com

Faction Strength & Conditioning, Home of CrossFit Memphis: 7740 Trinity Rd, Cordova, (901) 246-9451, factionsc.com.

©2011 The Commercial Appeal (Memphis, Tenn.)

Visit The Commercial Appeal (Memphis, Tenn.) at www.commercialappeal.com

The contents of Mike and Ashley Bledsoe's refrigerator would make a vegetarian swoon.

The Cordova couple polish off 10 pounds of meat and five dozen eggs each week.

It's part of a high-protein diet, to which the couple feel they largely owe their trim and muscular physiques.

While people searching for better health are increasingly turning to vegetarian and vegan diets, there is a group of health hunters taking a more primal route.

Followers of the Paleo Diet and lifestyle, also known as the Caveman Diet, strive to recreate not only the diet, but also the physical routine and sleep patterns of their Paleolithic ancestors.

The idea behind the trend is that foods alien to our bodies have wreaked havoc on our systems, introducing diseases unknown to our ancestors, such as obesity, diabetes and Alzheimer's.

Eating like a caveman, means depending on freshly killed animals and readily available vegetation.

That means no dairy, grains, legumes, processed food or refined sugars.

Instead, the proponents consume unlimited quantities of lean meat, as well as seafood, eggs, fruit, vegetables, seeds and nuts.

"I'm only going to call it Paleo if it's as close to natural as possible," said Mike Bledsoe, 30, who went

paleo two years ago.

Emphasizing high-quality food, Paleo followers search out fresh produce and meat, he said.

Trainer and co-owner of Faction Strength & Conditioning, home of CrossFit Memphis in Cordova, Bledsoe has a local farm make regular deliveries of vegetables and grass-fed beef to the gym.

With his encouragement, nearly all of the gym's 135 members follow the diet to some degree, he said.

It's created a tribe of Paleo fanatics, with members swapping recipes and throwing around nicknames like "Grok."

CrossFit gyms across the country have been among the biggest converters of people to the Paleo lifestyle.

The CrossFit workout fits well with what many envision as the caveman's routine -- climbing, jumping, running and lifting weights.

"There's no machines, there's no unnatural movements that go on," Bledsoe said.

Paleo extremists will run barefoot, lifting large objects found in the wilderness.

Bledsoe simply opts for minimally padded sneakers and sticks to an indoor workout.

The intensity at which Paleo followers practice the lifestyle varies widely.

Some believe the human body wasn't meant to ingest cooked food and so they eat a completely raw diet. Some give blood regularly to mimic blood loss that might have occurred while hunting their dinner.

Like many people who go Paleo, Ashley Bledsoe, 29, says she's seen a lengthy list of health improvements.

"My skin looks better, my hair grows better," she said.

Most significantly, Bledsoe's digestive problems that would leave her in agony after a meal have evaporated, she said.

Paleo critics, however, worry about the long-term effects of cutting out entire food groups.

"I guess cavemen didn't live long enough to acquire osteoporosis," said Marian Levy, associate professor at the University of Memphis and director of the master of public health program.

"For people living into their 60s and 70s, they need calcium for osteoporosis and food high in fiber and low in fat to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease," she said.

A heavy protein diet can also put stress on the kidneys, she said.

Michael McGoldrick, 25, a manufacturing sales representative, who participates in CrossFit competitions, is considered a dedicated Paleo among his caveman comrades.

With the pectorals of a silverback gorilla, McGoldrick's competitions include lifting more than 250 pounds.

To live out his primal side, the Cordova resident will steal away to his father's log cabin in Arkansas, where he swims in the river and runs up hills, lugging heavy stones and logs.

"At first I wanted to look better, and that moved into I wanted to feel better," McGoldrick said.

He had experimented with The Zone Diet, but got burned out calculating his food portions, he said.

"I liked not having to measure my food and just eating until I was full," he said.

Much as caveman are believed to have waited long stretches between eating large meals, every so often, McGoldrick will do a five-day fast, when he drinks only a concoction of palm tree juice.

McGoldrick has been satisfied with the improvements he's seen in his body, but its the shift in mood that has kept him hooked.

"I'm balanced. I don't get that crash in the afternoon," he said. "I sleep better and I wake up more refreshed."

Books and blogs by paleo gurus, like Robb Wolf and Dr. Loren Cordain, have been key in teaching modern-day paleos how to take on the caveman lifestyle.

Tyler Wainright, an East Memphis resident and manager at Medtronic, has been chronicling his journey into the Stone Age-lifestyle over the past few months on his blog PaleoMemphis.tumblr.com.

The father of two young girls, Wainright, 34, started noticing a little pudge around the middle, when he decided to make a big lifestyle switch.

With a family history of weight gain, heart disease and cancer, he began researching diets.

"It fits my lifestyle," said Wainright, who loves that he can still eat bacon.

Unlike the intense Crossfit workout, he's been doing light running and walking, he said.

Since the summer, Wainright has lost 20 pounds and 10 percent of his body fat, he said.

But 21st century living doesn't always lend itself to the caveman's ways.

To simulate the sun, lights should be dimmed 90 minutes before bedtime, Bledsoe said, and you should get roughly nine hours of sleep without sunlight or a blinking alarm clock.

"We try to, but modern life gets in the way," he said.

And many Paleos have their moments of weakness.

"One to two hours a week I cut loose. I drink beer, I eat pizza," Bledsoe said.

He often feels something similar to a hangover afterward, he said, but it only reinvigorates him to get back to clean living.

Bledsoe envisions pulling together a documentary paralleling the life of the caveman with modern-day man. Where the caveman's life was threatened by hungry animals and foul weather, today's human is being killed off by processed food, he said.

On the other hand, McGoldrick doesn't spend time philosophizing over Paleolithic ancestors.

"I'm an extremely religious person, so I don't know if I believe that," Goldrick said. "What I do believe is how It makes me feel."

Paleo Diet resources

Robb Wolf: robbwolf.com

Dr. Loren Cordain: thepaleodiet.com

Tyler Wainright, Memphis blogger:

paleomemphis.tumblr.com

Faction Strength & Conditioning, Home of CrossFit Memphis: 7740 Trinity Rd, Cordova, (901) 246-9451, factionsc.com.

©2011 The Commercial Appeal (Memphis, Tenn.)

Visit The Commercial Appeal (Memphis, Tenn.) at www.commercialappeal.com

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Forced Laughing Provides Benefits

Posted Dec 18, 2011

It may appear silly to see a room full of adults clapping their hands and making forced laughing sounds, such as “hoho haha” while practicing obscure poses or sitting on the floor, but forcing yourself to laugh can actually have many physical health benefits, as well as being emotionally therapeutic.

Research has shown that the body cannot tell the difference between a fake, self-generated laugh and a real, externally activated laugh, which means that both are equally good for you, and the fake laugh usually turns into a heartfelt laugh, if you allow yourself to embrace it.

Laughter Yoga instructor Beth Le Blanc said her class integrates both laughter and gentle yoga poses to create better breathing within the body.

“Laughter Yoga produces a healthy breathing pattern and increases the oxygen flow to the body, and that results in a healthier, more positive state of mind,” she said.

Le Blanc leads the class through free-flowing, playful movements that encourage laughter and some traditional yoga breathing to relax the breath when needed between exercises.

Le Blanc said it is common for people to breathe shallowly due to stress, and in turn, this shallow breathing causes stress and anxiety.

Yoga in general aims to relieve people of shallow breathing, she said, and teaches people how to breath deeply, relieving stress in the process.

Adding forced laughter along with yoga and deep breathing exercises may seem odd, but Laughter Yoga is actually based on

research that reveals the benefits laughter has on the mind and body.

Laughter Yoga was first created in 1995, by Dr. Madan Kataria, an American-educated physician in India, in collaboration with his wife, Madhuri Kataria, a yoga teacher. Madan Kataria found that laughter is the fastest and easiest method of regulating the breathing pattern and increasing the net supply of oxygen. Regular practice of laughing was also found to improve lung capacity, build endurance and make breathing easier as one ages.

“(Kataria) discovered that simply by laughing — producing the sounds of “hoho haha,” it expels air, flushes the lungs and therefore allows one to be able to inhale with a longer, deeper breathe,” Le Blanc said.

Le Blanc said though it may seem like a weird concept to some, people genuinely feel better after attending a Laughter Yoga class. In fact, Le Blanc compared the class to being a child on the playground, because of the fun, playful, childlike exercises involved in Laughter Yoga.

“It sounds kind of silly for adults to do that, so it takes one of like-mind, I think,” she said. “It takes curiosity to actually want to open themselves up to do that.”

Lorie Measure, who just started taking Laughter Yoga classes at MountainView Regional Medical Center, instructed by Le Blanc, said she enjoys the class because it is a relaxed atmosphere, and you do not need to be able to do difficult poses to participate.

“It’s a little silly, but everyone in the class is doing the same thing,” Measure said.

Measure said the Laughter Yoga is a great way to brighten your mood, as well as get a good abdominal workout.

“It’s a relaxed class,” she said. “There are no difficult poses, and you don’t even have to sit on the floor.”

Le Blanc said Laughter Yoga can be taught with or without poses, and that she usually begins each class with a 10-minute warm-up consisting of breathing and body movement, followed by 20 minutes of laughter exercises.

“Then we start with some clapping, and it’s a particular type of clapping — it’s using all parts of your palm and your fingers coming together.”

Le Blanc said we have acupuncture points throughout the palms of our hands and that these acupuncture points are very energizing to the brain and the body.

During her classes, Le Blanc said she combines the chanting of “hoho haha” with this clapping technique to promote playfulness and energy.

“When you say ‘hoho haha’ it pulls in the lower abdominal, and then we can go into using movement with the breath,” she said.

Le Blanc said Laughter Yoga is just like any other beginner yoga class, and starts with easy, gentle movements.

“You’re going to be eased into it,” she said. “We start with some breathing and easy stretching, and then before you know it, you’re actually doing full, more energetic poses.”

Le Blanc said some people may be intimidated to try Laughter Yoga because of the somewhat social awkwardness of it, but as we get older, our lung capacity tends to decrease, which is why an exercise like Laughter Yoga is so important. It also teaches people how to laugh at themselves, act silly and make fun of themselves.

“By going to one class, (participants) feel better the rest of the day,” she said.

To see more of the Las Cruces Sun-News, or to subscribe to the newspaper, go to http://www.lcsun-news.com.

Copyright © 2011, Las Cruces Sun-News, N.M.

Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

It may appear silly to see a room full of adults clapping their hands and making forced laughing sounds, such as "hoho haha" while practicing obscure poses or sitting on the floor, but forcing yourself to laugh can actually have many physical health benefits, as well as being emotionally therapeutic.

Research has shown that the body cannot tell the difference between a fake, self-generated laugh and a real, externally activated laugh, which means that both are equally good for you, and the fake laugh usually turns into a heartfelt laugh, if you allow yourself to embrace it.

Laughter Yoga instructor Beth Le Blanc said her class integrates both laughter and gentle yoga poses to create better breathing within the body.

"Laughter Yoga produces a healthy breathing pattern and increases the oxygen flow to the body, and that results in a healthier, more positive state of mind," she said.

Le Blanc leads the class through free-flowing, playful movements that encourage laughter and some traditional yoga breathing to relax the breath when needed between exercises.

Le Blanc said it is common for people to breathe shallowly due to stress, and in turn, this shallow breathing causes stress and anxiety.

Yoga in general aims to relieve people of shallow breathing, she said, and teaches people how to breath deeply, relieving stress in the process.

Adding forced laughter along with yoga and deep breathing exercises may seem odd, but Laughter Yoga is actually based on

research that reveals the benefits laughter has on the mind and body.

Laughter Yoga was first created in 1995, by Dr. Madan Kataria, an American-educated physician in India, in collaboration with his wife, Madhuri Kataria, a yoga teacher. Madan Kataria found that laughter is the fastest and easiest method of regulating the breathing pattern and increasing the net supply of oxygen. Regular practice of laughing was also found to improve lung capacity, build endurance and make breathing easier as one ages.

"(Kataria) discovered that simply by laughing -- producing the sounds of "hoho haha," it expels air, flushes the lungs and therefore allows one to be able to inhale with a longer, deeper breathe," Le Blanc said.

Le Blanc said though it may seem like a weird concept to some, people genuinely feel better after attending a Laughter Yoga class. In fact, Le Blanc compared the class to being a child on the playground, because of the fun, playful, childlike exercises involved in Laughter Yoga.

"It sounds kind of silly for adults to do that, so it takes one of like-mind, I think," she said. "It takes curiosity to actually want to open themselves up to do that."

Lorie Measure, who just started taking Laughter Yoga classes at MountainView Regional Medical Center, instructed by Le Blanc, said she enjoys the class because it is a relaxed atmosphere, and you do not need to be able to do difficult poses to participate.

"It's a little silly, but everyone in the class is doing the same thing," Measure said.

Measure said the Laughter Yoga is a great way to brighten your mood, as well as get a good abdominal workout.

"It's a relaxed class," she said. "There are no difficult poses, and you don't even have to sit on the floor."

Le Blanc said Laughter Yoga can be taught with or without poses, and that she usually begins each class with a 10-minute warm-up consisting of breathing and body movement, followed by 20 minutes of laughter exercises.

"Then we start with some clapping, and it's a particular type of clapping -- it's using all parts of your palm and your fingers coming together."

Le Blanc said we have acupuncture points throughout the palms of our hands and that these acupuncture points are very energizing to the brain and the body.

During her classes, Le Blanc said she combines the chanting of "hoho haha" with this clapping technique to promote playfulness and energy.

"When you say 'hoho haha' it pulls in the lower abdominal, and then we can go into using movement with the breath," she said.

Le Blanc said Laughter Yoga is just like any other beginner yoga class, and starts with easy, gentle movements.

"You're going to be eased into it," she said. "We start with some breathing and easy stretching, and then before you know it, you're actually doing full, more energetic poses."

Le Blanc said some people may be intimidated to try Laughter Yoga because of the somewhat social awkwardness of it, but as we get older, our lung capacity tends to decrease, which is why an exercise like Laughter Yoga is so important. It also teaches people how to laugh at themselves, act silly and make fun of themselves.

"By going to one class, (participants) feel better the rest of the day," she said.

To see more of the Las Cruces Sun-News, or to subscribe to the newspaper, go to http://www.lcsun-news.com.

Copyright © 2011, Las Cruces Sun-News, N.M.

Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

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Exercise Boosts Mood and Brain Health

Posted Nov 27, 2011

DAYTON, Ohio — Scientists know that a healthy diet and regular exercise are vital to maximize brain functioning.

Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to improve reaction time, speed of processing information, memory and attention.

Aerobic exercise has even been shown to reduce the symptoms of depression.

Recommended levels of physical activity include at minimum three weekly sessions of 20 minutes or more of aerobic activity that is intense enough to elevate the heart rate, and two to three days weekly of anaerobic activity (resistance training).

Exactly how exercise benefits the brain is still a mystery, but it is likely that there are multiple factors at work. For example, until relatively recently, neuroscientists believed that adults never produced new brain cells, or neurons, the basic building blocks of the nervous system. It was thought that we were born with a set number of neurons that could not increase, and with age these neurons and other brain cells died off.

We now know that not only is the brain capable of creating new neurons, but there is evidence indicating that regular exercise stimulates this regeneration.

Neurotransmitters are the chemical messengers of the brain.

Unfortunately, the number we produce declines as we age. However, studies show that exercise appears to increase the production of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine.

These so-called “feel good” chemicals can have positive effects on both thinking and mood, and the proper balance of these chemicals is critical to maintaining a healthy brain. Other beneficial brain chemicals that appear to be stimulated by breaking a sweat are neutrophic factors, proteins that are responsible for helping neurons survive, adapt and grow.

Another plus is the beneficial effect that exercise can have on circulation. Proper blood flow is vital to both cellular waste removal and delivery of essential nutrients responsible for proper brain function, such as oxygen and glucose (blood sugar).

In addition to increasing overall blood flow, exercise has been linked to the production of new blood vessels in the brain. In the absence of regular physical activity, the brain’s system of veins and arteries can become clogged, interfering with processes necessary to feeding and cleansing brain cells.

Lumosity.com, a leading website devoted to helping spread the word about methods to improve brain health, cites interesting research establishing a positive link between cardiovascular fitness and cognition.

Dr. Arthur Kramer at the Beckman Institute at the University of Illinois says that there may be a link between cardiovascular fitness and the size of the hippocampus, a portion of the brain critical for the formation of new memories.

Elderly adults who were physically fit tended to have larger hippocampi than their less fit counterparts.

While exercise has been linked to hippocampus size and spatial memory in rodents, this if the first study to demonstrate a similar relationship in humans.

Although the degree varies depending on the individual, it is well established that the hippocampus typically shrinks with age and that this is associated with subtle but definite declines in memory and spatial orientation.

Marjie Gilliam is a certified personal trainer and fitness consultant. Email: marjie@ohtrainer.com. This article appeared in the Dayton Daily News.

DAYTON, Ohio -- Scientists know that a healthy diet and regular exercise are vital to maximize brain functioning.

Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to improve reaction time, speed of processing information, memory and attention.

Aerobic exercise has even been shown to reduce the symptoms of depression.

Recommended levels of physical activity include at minimum three weekly sessions of 20 minutes or more of aerobic activity that is intense enough to elevate the heart rate, and two to three days weekly of anaerobic activity (resistance training).

Exactly how exercise benefits the brain is still a mystery, but it is likely that there are multiple factors at work. For example, until relatively recently, neuroscientists believed that adults never produced new brain cells, or neurons, the basic building blocks of the nervous system. It was thought that we were born with a set number of neurons that could not increase, and with age these neurons and other brain cells died off.

We now know that not only is the brain capable of creating new neurons, but there is evidence indicating that regular exercise stimulates this regeneration.

Neurotransmitters are the chemical messengers of the brain.

Unfortunately, the number we produce declines as we age. However, studies show that exercise appears to increase the production of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine.

These so-called "feel good" chemicals can have positive effects on both thinking and mood, and the proper balance of these chemicals is critical to maintaining a healthy brain. Other beneficial brain chemicals that appear to be stimulated by breaking a sweat are neutrophic factors, proteins that are responsible for helping neurons survive, adapt and grow.

Another plus is the beneficial effect that exercise can have on circulation. Proper blood flow is vital to both cellular waste removal and delivery of essential nutrients responsible for proper brain function, such as oxygen and glucose (blood sugar).

In addition to increasing overall blood flow, exercise has been linked to the production of new blood vessels in the brain. In the absence of regular physical activity, the brain's system of veins and arteries can become clogged, interfering with processes necessary to feeding and cleansing brain cells.

Lumosity.com, a leading website devoted to helping spread the word about methods to improve brain health, cites interesting research establishing a positive link between cardiovascular fitness and cognition.

Dr. Arthur Kramer at the Beckman Institute at the University of Illinois says that there may be a link between cardiovascular fitness and the size of the hippocampus, a portion of the brain critical for the formation of new memories.

Elderly adults who were physically fit tended to have larger hippocampi than their less fit counterparts.

While exercise has been linked to hippocampus size and spatial memory in rodents, this if the first study to demonstrate a similar relationship in humans.

Although the degree varies depending on the individual, it is well established that the hippocampus typically shrinks with age and that this is associated with subtle but definite declines in memory and spatial orientation.

Marjie Gilliam is a certified personal trainer and fitness consultant. Email: marjie@ohtrainer.com. This article appeared in the Dayton Daily News.

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Create a Healthy Eating Environment

Posted Nov 11, 2011

A healthy, well-balanced diet is essential to your child’s growth and development, but isn’t always easy to arrange. Using your child’s dominant sense can be the difference between an easy meal time and a battle ground.

The sound of a crunchy apple or the snap of a fresh celery stick is music to an auditory child’s young ears. They are able to determine freshness simply by the sound, and if it’s not there, often will refuse to eat. Routine is important to this sense, both in the regularity of mealtimes, and also in the pattern of food. Consider associating specific times of the day with food types: for example, eating fruit after school, or always having vegetables for dinner. The family meal is a joy to auditory children, as eating together allows for the conversation that they love so much. When presenting difficult food choices, consider playing their favorite tunes to help get them into a more positive and receptive mood.

For visual children, eating is never a matter of simply a plate of food. How the food is presented and what it looks like matters. Given the visual child’s pickiness, remember to pick your battles. Sometimes it’s better to cater to these idiosyncrasies, with the aim of a healthy diet. Make sure the food on their plate is neatly arranged, cut fruits and vegetables their favorite way, and let the child use their favorite knife and fork. It can be a small compromise, and better than the power struggle of trying to force the child to eat an apple with a brown spot. Allowing them to serve themselves from a communal family platter can also help, they chose it so they have to eat it, type of scenario.

Taste and smell children will sense the slightest difference in flavor. With these children, it really important to stick to the brands they like. Don’t be fooled into thinking your child likes “strawberry yogurt,” for it will be only one specific type of strawberry yogurt that they enjoy. Take notice of how fresh and ripe the fruit and vegetables are, before you serve them. Your child will notice the difference between the banana they ate last night, and the one they are refusing this morning. It’s important to keep meal times calm and friendly as this child’s natural sensitivity can affect how they eat when they are upset with either too much or too little food being consumed.

Tactile children like to eat quickly, and be done with mealtime as soon as possible. Anything that can be held and eaten on the move is a plus, with many smaller meals preferable to large, sit-down affairs. The trick with these children is to provide a variety of healthy, snack-type, finger foods. When you pick them up from preschool, come prepared with food. When they’re strapped in their car seat, hand them with a container of carrot and celery sticks. Tactile children often view eating as something they do, when they have nothing else to do! Once home, involve them in food prep – getting them to help prepare meals will ensure they eat, as it’s all part of the fun.

Healthy eating should be a positive experience rather than one that must be endured. By creating an atmosphere of fun and vitality, you will be setting you child on the path to healthy eating.

Priscilla J. Dunstan is a child and parenting behavior expert and consultant and the author of “Child Sense.” Learn more about Priscilla and her parenting discoveries at www.childsense.com

Priscilla J. Dunstan Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

A healthy, well-balanced diet is essential to your child's growth and development, but isn't always easy to arrange. Using your child's dominant sense can be the difference between an easy meal time and a battle ground.

The sound of a crunchy apple or the snap of a fresh celery stick is music to an auditory child's young ears. They are able to determine freshness simply by the sound, and if it's not there, often will refuse to eat. Routine is important to this sense, both in the regularity of mealtimes, and also in the pattern of food. Consider associating specific times of the day with food types: for example, eating fruit after school, or always having vegetables for dinner. The family meal is a joy to auditory children, as eating together allows for the conversation that they love so much. When presenting difficult food choices, consider playing their favorite tunes to help get them into a more positive and receptive mood.

For visual children, eating is never a matter of simply a plate of food. How the food is presented and what it looks like matters. Given the visual child's pickiness, remember to pick your battles. Sometimes it's better to cater to these idiosyncrasies, with the aim of a healthy diet. Make sure the food on their plate is neatly arranged, cut fruits and vegetables their favorite way, and let the child use their favorite knife and fork. It can be a small compromise, and better than the power struggle of trying to force the child to eat an apple with a brown spot. Allowing them to serve themselves from a communal family platter can also help, they chose it so they have to eat it, type of scenario.

Taste and smell children will sense the slightest difference in flavor. With these children, it really important to stick to the brands they like. Don't be fooled into thinking your child likes "strawberry yogurt," for it will be only one specific type of strawberry yogurt that they enjoy. Take notice of how fresh and ripe the fruit and vegetables are, before you serve them. Your child will notice the difference between the banana they ate last night, and the one they are refusing this morning. It's important to keep meal times calm and friendly as this child's natural sensitivity can affect how they eat when they are upset with either too much or too little food being consumed.

Tactile children like to eat quickly, and be done with mealtime as soon as possible. Anything that can be held and eaten on the move is a plus, with many smaller meals preferable to large, sit-down affairs. The trick with these children is to provide a variety of healthy, snack-type, finger foods. When you pick them up from preschool, come prepared with food. When they're strapped in their car seat, hand them with a container of carrot and celery sticks. Tactile children often view eating as something they do, when they have nothing else to do! Once home, involve them in food prep - getting them to help prepare meals will ensure they eat, as it's all part of the fun.

Healthy eating should be a positive experience rather than one that must be endured. By creating an atmosphere of fun and vitality, you will be setting you child on the path to healthy eating.

Priscilla J. Dunstan is a child and parenting behavior expert and consultant and the author of "Child Sense." Learn more about Priscilla and her parenting discoveries at www.childsense.com

Priscilla J. Dunstan Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

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Clean Eating Simplified

Posted Nov 7, 2011

There’s nothing extreme about eating clean. You don’t have to give up meat, invest in a fancy juicer, or banish the sugar bowl from the kitchen table.

“I define clean eating as consuming whole, natural foods that have not been processed,” says Diane Welland, RD, author of The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Eating Clean. “It’s more of a lifestyle or an approach to food instead of a diet,” she adds, explaining that regular physical activity and eating small, frequent meals that are balanced with protein, fat, and carbohydrates are typically part of the approach.

A sense of social awareness is also essential to clean eating, says Susan Kleiner, PhD, RD, owner of High Performance Nutrition, a Seattle area consulting firm, and author of “The Good Mood Diet.” Kleiner defines clean eating as eating foods closer to the ground – more like the way they are picked, and as you might find them at a local farmers’ market. “Be mindful of how you’re eating and how what you eat affects the world around you,” she says.

Here, these experts explain nine guidelines of clean eating and suggest strategies for making healthy foods your go-to choice.

Lose Weight Naturally, But Don’t Obsess

There are countless benefits to eating more whole, natural foods: increased energy, improved immunity, lower risk of disease, and yes, loss of a few pounds.

“Weight loss comes naturally when you cut out junk food and high-calorie processed foods,” says Welland. “For this reason, you don’t have to worry so much about cutting calories.”

If you’re eating fresh fruits and vegetables, reducing foods high in fat or sugar (which are also high in calories), and having small meals throughout the day, you’ll be more likely to lose weight. Focus on looking and feeling better instead of obsessing over the scale.

Eating foods that are higher in fiber and richer in nutrients and healthy fats contribute to feeling fuller longer, says Kleiner. Plus, sugar and fats have a tendency to make you feel sluggish, so limiting them can make your body function better, which means you’ll feel more energized and be more likely to exercise, she adds.

Stick with Whole Grains (and Learn to Recognize Them)

Eating more whole grains has been shown to help reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers, and also helps you maintain a healthy weight. To get the most out of your grains, pick quinoa, bulgur, brown rice, or millet over refined grains, like white rice, white bread and grits, says Welland.

When shopping for cereal, bread and pasta, don’t just look for the words “whole grain” on a food’s packaging. Read ingredient lists carefully, looking for the word “whole” in front of each type of flour. Another trick for picking out clean-diet offenders: “High fructose corn syrup is a flag,” says Kleiner. “The fact that it’s added means the food is highly processed.”

A processed food is one that has been taken apart and put back together in order to create properties that may not occur naturally, or those that have to be replaced, says Kleiner, explaining that chemicals – some not found in nature – are often used in the process.

Grains are a good example. Like the name implies, whole grains contain an entire grain kernel (bran, germ and endosperm), while refined grains have been milled, a process that strips out bran and germ, along with fiber, iron and B vitamins. This process gives the grains a finer texture and a longer shelf life (think soft, fluffy white bread that lasts for weeks in the fridge). Refined grains are typically enriched, meaning iron and B vitamins, such as thiamin, riboflavin, folic acid and niacin, are removed and then added back after milling, but fiber is left out.

Keep in mind that many foods have to be processed in some way in order to make them edible, so the idea is to pick the least processed variety, says Kleiner. Cereal oats are a good example. While we can’t eat them unprocessed, we can select steel-cut oatmeal over oat flakes, or oat flakes over oat-based cereal with added coloring, flavoring and fun-shaped marshmallows.

Steer Clear of Sneaky Food Additives

When food additives and preservatives are considered, you probably think of a chemical compound spelled with no fewer than 16 characters – and one that you wouldn’t dare try to pronounce. But other extras sound much more benign – sugar and salt, for example, which are often added to food in excess to boost flavor or extend shelf life. The key to finding the “cleanest” possible foods is asking yourself a few questions: Are the ingredients natural or artificial? Are all the ingredients really necessary? Can I buy this product minus the offending ingredient, and will that absence affect the integrity of the food?

Take salt, for example. It’s used as a preservative in cheese, and is essential to the cheese-making process, says Welland. Adding salt to canned vegetables, on the other hand, is unnecessary, as it isn’t part of the production process and the veggies can be purchased either fresh or frozen without salt.

Another example is yogurt. Yogurt is produced by culturing milk, but fruit-flavored yogurt also have other things added to it including sugar, says Welland. Consider how easily fresh fruit can be stirred into plain yogurt for a lower sugar (and calorie) option, she says.

And what about the chemical-sounding additives? Only a few are natural and safe to consume regularly, says Kleiner. Citric acid (vitamin C, a natural antioxidant), vitamin E (an antioxidant that appears as tocopherols on food labels), and carotene (used to boost color) are commonly used as preservatives.

“Most everything else is chemistry,” she says.

Natural Sugar is Still Sugar

With excess sugar consumption linked to cancer, diabetes and heart disease, numerous white sugar alternatives have made their way onto grocery store shelves. Maple sugar, agave nectar and evaporated cane sugars, like secant, have stronger flavors than white sugar, which means you can get the same sweetness with fewer calories. Less-refined varieties of sugar come with a higher price tag, which Kleiner sees as something positive.

“When sugar is more expensive, you don’t treat it as nonchalantly. You think twice about using it and stop taking it for granted.”

Still, sugar is sugar, no matter what its form, and moderation is key.

A bonus that comes with cutting back on added sugar: “When you start taking out a lot of sugar and salt, you are retraining your taste buds and you tend to appreciate the natural sweet tastes of foods like beets and peas, or maybe the earthiness of a mushroom,” Kleiner says.

There Are No Safe Levels of Trans Fat

When it comes to fat, the hydrogenated oils typically found in empty calorie foods like doughnuts, candy, and cookies are the biggest offenders in a clean diet. Highly engineered fats, like the trans fat in man-made oils, are worse at promoting heart disease than natural fats, like lard, says Kleiner. According to Kleiner, a food label reading zero grams of trans fat – which is allowed for any item that contains less than half a gram per serving – can be misleading.

Kleiner’s general rule: “If it has hydrogenated oil in it, don’t buy it. It’s also a sign that it’s a highly processed food. Go for something less processed.”

Vegetarianism Is Optional

“Clean eating doesn’t mean vegetarian. It means choosing meat from grass- or vegetarian-fed (grass and grain-fed) animals,” says Kleiner. Animal feed can be filled with antibiotics, hormones, fertilizers and chemicals. Instead, turn to pasture-fed or free-range animals, which have more nutritiously rich meat and a healthier fatty acid composition. Meat that comes from pasture-fed animals is naturally lower in saturated fat and contributes less to heart disease risk.

You can also have a clean diet without meat. Beans, legumes, nuts and nut butters are big in the clean-eating realm. They provide crunch, texture, protein and a concentrated source of calories, says Welland.

You Don’t Have to Eat Organic

“Diets abundant in fruits and veggies – whether grown organically or conventionally – are healthier than diets without them,” say Kleiner. “What’s most important is eating veggies and fruit, and less important to buy organic.”

A significant body of research shows the link between fruit and vegetable consumption and lower incidences of cardiovascular disease, stroke and cancer, and improved gastrointestinal and optical health. Additionally, in a review of 97 studies that compared the nutritional composition of organic versus conventional foods, researchers found that organic fruits, vegetables, and grains were 25 percent more nutrient-dense than conventional food. Organic produce and grains contain higher levels of 8 out of 10 nutrients studied, according to the report published by The Organic Center.

If you’ve purchased conventional fruits and vegetables, scrub them thoroughly, using a produce detergent to remove wax, or peel off the skin before eating, suggests Kleiner.

Caffeine Is a Personal Preference

Water, unsweetened tea, milk, and 100 percent fruit juice mixed with water or seltzer are standard beverages for clean eaters, but caffeine isn’t out of the question. Still, experts are on the fence about where it falls in a clean diet. Welland points out that many beverages that are high in caffeine, like soft drinks, also tend to be high in sugar. On the other hand, coffee and tea are natural products that are high in antioxidants. Welland’s general rule: If you’re sensitive to caffeine, limit your consumption or cut it out of your diet. If you don’t have a strong reaction, caffeine is fine in small amounts, she says.

Kleiner recommends drinking no more than two caffeinated drinks per day and avoiding those beverages after noontime.

“If you feel like you need caffeine later in the day, you probably should to take another look at the way you’re living your life,” she says. “Are you dehydrated? Do you need to be more active? Do you need more sleep? Do you have too much stress in your life?”

If you can’t get by without a boost, Kleiner suggests reaching for tea instead of coffee in the afternoon.

“Tea is much lower in caffeine, less acidic, and less harsh on the body, she says.

A Clean Diet Isn’t Always Convenient

If there’s one downside to clean eating it’s the extra time it takes to shop for and prepare your meals – but for many, it’s time well spent.

“You have to prioritize,” says Welland. “Ask yourself, ‘Do I want more time or a healthy meal, better health, and to feel good?’”

With a little planning and creativity, Welland says, cooking clean meals can become easier than playing around with combinations of prepared or microwave-ready foods. She likes to start with basic ingredients and think of ways to bring out the natural flavors in food – drizzling roasted sweet potatoes with a little maple syrup, or stirring cilantro and salsa into a side of black beans, for example. Welland dresses up veggies by experimenting with simple spice blends, tinkering with combinations of chili powder, cumin, coriander, basil and garlic.

Snacks and meals should be balanced with protein, fat, and carbohydrates and are generally not overly done in any one area. For example, instead of grabbing an apple for a snack, have an apple with peanut butter, or try red bell pepper slices with hummus, suggests Welland.

For more tips and tricks, visit Fitbie.com.

© 2011, McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

There's nothing extreme about eating clean. You don't have to give up meat, invest in a fancy juicer, or banish the sugar bowl from the kitchen table.

"I define clean eating as consuming whole, natural foods that have not been processed," says Diane Welland, RD, author of The Complete Idiot's Guide to Eating Clean. "It's more of a lifestyle or an approach to food instead of a diet," she adds, explaining that regular physical activity and eating small, frequent meals that are balanced with protein, fat, and carbohydrates are typically part of the approach.

A sense of social awareness is also essential to clean eating, says Susan Kleiner, PhD, RD, owner of High Performance Nutrition, a Seattle area consulting firm, and author of "The Good Mood Diet." Kleiner defines clean eating as eating foods closer to the ground - more like the way they are picked, and as you might find them at a local farmers' market. "Be mindful of how you're eating and how what you eat affects the world around you," she says.

Here, these experts explain nine guidelines of clean eating and suggest strategies for making healthy foods your go-to choice.

Lose Weight Naturally, But Don't Obsess

There are countless benefits to eating more whole, natural foods: increased energy, improved immunity, lower risk of disease, and yes, loss of a few pounds.

"Weight loss comes naturally when you cut out junk food and high-calorie processed foods," says Welland. "For this reason, you don't have to worry so much about cutting calories."

If you're eating fresh fruits and vegetables, reducing foods high in fat or sugar (which are also high in calories), and having small meals throughout the day, you'll be more likely to lose weight. Focus on looking and feeling better instead of obsessing over the scale.

Eating foods that are higher in fiber and richer in nutrients and healthy fats contribute to feeling fuller longer, says Kleiner. Plus, sugar and fats have a tendency to make you feel sluggish, so limiting them can make your body function better, which means you'll feel more energized and be more likely to exercise, she adds.

Stick with Whole Grains (and Learn to Recognize Them)

Eating more whole grains has been shown to help reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers, and also helps you maintain a healthy weight. To get the most out of your grains, pick quinoa, bulgur, brown rice, or millet over refined grains, like white rice, white bread and grits, says Welland.

When shopping for cereal, bread and pasta, don't just look for the words "whole grain" on a food's packaging. Read ingredient lists carefully, looking for the word "whole" in front of each type of flour. Another trick for picking out clean-diet offenders: "High fructose corn syrup is a flag," says Kleiner. "The fact that it's added means the food is highly processed."

A processed food is one that has been taken apart and put back together in order to create properties that may not occur naturally, or those that have to be replaced, says Kleiner, explaining that chemicals - some not found in nature - are often used in the process.

Grains are a good example. Like the name implies, whole grains contain an entire grain kernel (bran, germ and endosperm), while refined grains have been milled, a process that strips out bran and germ, along with fiber, iron and B vitamins. This process gives the grains a finer texture and a longer shelf life (think soft, fluffy white bread that lasts for weeks in the fridge). Refined grains are typically enriched, meaning iron and B vitamins, such as thiamin, riboflavin, folic acid and niacin, are removed and then added back after milling, but fiber is left out.

Keep in mind that many foods have to be processed in some way in order to make them edible, so the idea is to pick the least processed variety, says Kleiner. Cereal oats are a good example. While we can't eat them unprocessed, we can select steel-cut oatmeal over oat flakes, or oat flakes over oat-based cereal with added coloring, flavoring and fun-shaped marshmallows.

Steer Clear of Sneaky Food Additives

When food additives and preservatives are considered, you probably think of a chemical compound spelled with no fewer than 16 characters - and one that you wouldn't dare try to pronounce. But other extras sound much more benign - sugar and salt, for example, which are often added to food in excess to boost flavor or extend shelf life. The key to finding the "cleanest" possible foods is asking yourself a few questions: Are the ingredients natural or artificial? Are all the ingredients really necessary? Can I buy this product minus the offending ingredient, and will that absence affect the integrity of the food?

Take salt, for example. It's used as a preservative in cheese, and is essential to the cheese-making process, says Welland. Adding salt to canned vegetables, on the other hand, is unnecessary, as it isn't part of the production process and the veggies can be purchased either fresh or frozen without salt.

Another example is yogurt. Yogurt is produced by culturing milk, but fruit-flavored yogurt also have other things added to it including sugar, says Welland. Consider how easily fresh fruit can be stirred into plain yogurt for a lower sugar (and calorie) option, she says.

And what about the chemical-sounding additives? Only a few are natural and safe to consume regularly, says Kleiner. Citric acid (vitamin C, a natural antioxidant), vitamin E (an antioxidant that appears as tocopherols on food labels), and carotene (used to boost color) are commonly used as preservatives.

"Most everything else is chemistry," she says.

Natural Sugar is Still Sugar

With excess sugar consumption linked to cancer, diabetes and heart disease, numerous white sugar alternatives have made their way onto grocery store shelves. Maple sugar, agave nectar and evaporated cane sugars, like secant, have stronger flavors than white sugar, which means you can get the same sweetness with fewer calories. Less-refined varieties of sugar come with a higher price tag, which Kleiner sees as something positive.

"When sugar is more expensive, you don't treat it as nonchalantly. You think twice about using it and stop taking it for granted."

Still, sugar is sugar, no matter what its form, and moderation is key.

A bonus that comes with cutting back on added sugar: "When you start taking out a lot of sugar and salt, you are retraining your taste buds and you tend to appreciate the natural sweet tastes of foods like beets and peas, or maybe the earthiness of a mushroom," Kleiner says.

There Are No Safe Levels of Trans Fat

When it comes to fat, the hydrogenated oils typically found in empty calorie foods like doughnuts, candy, and cookies are the biggest offenders in a clean diet. Highly engineered fats, like the trans fat in man-made oils, are worse at promoting heart disease than natural fats, like lard, says Kleiner. According to Kleiner, a food label reading zero grams of trans fat - which is allowed for any item that contains less than half a gram per serving - can be misleading.

Kleiner's general rule: "If it has hydrogenated oil in it, don't buy it. It's also a sign that it's a highly processed food. Go for something less processed."

Vegetarianism Is Optional

"Clean eating doesn't mean vegetarian. It means choosing meat from grass- or vegetarian-fed (grass and grain-fed) animals," says Kleiner. Animal feed can be filled with antibiotics, hormones, fertilizers and chemicals. Instead, turn to pasture-fed or free-range animals, which have more nutritiously rich meat and a healthier fatty acid composition. Meat that comes from pasture-fed animals is naturally lower in saturated fat and contributes less to heart disease risk.

You can also have a clean diet without meat. Beans, legumes, nuts and nut butters are big in the clean-eating realm. They provide crunch, texture, protein and a concentrated source of calories, says Welland.

You Don't Have to Eat Organic

"Diets abundant in fruits and veggies - whether grown organically or conventionally - are healthier than diets without them," say Kleiner. "What's most important is eating veggies and fruit, and less important to buy organic."

A significant body of research shows the link between fruit and vegetable consumption and lower incidences of cardiovascular disease, stroke and cancer, and improved gastrointestinal and optical health. Additionally, in a review of 97 studies that compared the nutritional composition of organic versus conventional foods, researchers found that organic fruits, vegetables, and grains were 25 percent more nutrient-dense than conventional food. Organic produce and grains contain higher levels of 8 out of 10 nutrients studied, according to the report published by The Organic Center.

If you've purchased conventional fruits and vegetables, scrub them thoroughly, using a produce detergent to remove wax, or peel off the skin before eating, suggests Kleiner.

Caffeine Is a Personal Preference

Water, unsweetened tea, milk, and 100 percent fruit juice mixed with water or seltzer are standard beverages for clean eaters, but caffeine isn't out of the question. Still, experts are on the fence about where it falls in a clean diet. Welland points out that many beverages that are high in caffeine, like soft drinks, also tend to be high in sugar. On the other hand, coffee and tea are natural products that are high in antioxidants. Welland's general rule: If you're sensitive to caffeine, limit your consumption or cut it out of your diet. If you don't have a strong reaction, caffeine is fine in small amounts, she says.

Kleiner recommends drinking no more than two caffeinated drinks per day and avoiding those beverages after noontime.

"If you feel like you need caffeine later in the day, you probably should to take another look at the way you're living your life," she says. "Are you dehydrated? Do you need to be more active? Do you need more sleep? Do you have too much stress in your life?"

If you can't get by without a boost, Kleiner suggests reaching for tea instead of coffee in the afternoon.

"Tea is much lower in caffeine, less acidic, and less harsh on the body, she says.

A Clean Diet Isn't Always Convenient

If there's one downside to clean eating it's the extra time it takes to shop for and prepare your meals - but for many, it's time well spent.

"You have to prioritize," says Welland. "Ask yourself, 'Do I want more time or a healthy meal, better health, and to feel good?'"

With a little planning and creativity, Welland says, cooking clean meals can become easier than playing around with combinations of prepared or microwave-ready foods. She likes to start with basic ingredients and think of ways to bring out the natural flavors in food - drizzling roasted sweet potatoes with a little maple syrup, or stirring cilantro and salsa into a side of black beans, for example. Welland dresses up veggies by experimenting with simple spice blends, tinkering with combinations of chili powder, cumin, coriander, basil and garlic.

Snacks and meals should be balanced with protein, fat, and carbohydrates and are generally not overly done in any one area. For example, instead of grabbing an apple for a snack, have an apple with peanut butter, or try red bell pepper slices with hummus, suggests Welland.

For more tips and tricks, visit Fitbie.com.

© 2011, McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

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Ditch Junk Food, Eat Real Food

Posted October 26, 2011

As documentaries like “Food Inc.” and advocates like author Michael Pollan have emerged in recent years to show us the industrialization of our food supply, the term “real foods” has entered our vocabulary. The phrase refers to foods that are nourishing, whole and produced in a humane and sustainable way – an antidote to the highly processed junk foods that are so prevalent in our diets.

“The problem with so many of these (processed) foods is that they contribute to diets high in sugar, salt and saturated fat, and deficient in dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals. The consequences are obesity, heart disease, tooth decay, diabetes and other chronic diseases,” says Michael Jacobson, PhD, executive director of the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a nonprofit organization that’s launching the nation’s first-ever Food Day on Oct. 24, to raise awareness about food-related issues.

To help you clean up your diet, we’ve identified six unhealthy foods to ditch and nutritious “real food” replacements.

Junk Food: Soft drinks and sugary drinks

Real Foods: Milk and water

“Sugary drinks promote obesity, push healthy foods out of your diet, and provide no nutrients,” Jacobson says. As people, especially children, have started consuming more soda, they’ve consumed less low-fat milk, which means they’re missing out on calcium and increasing their risk of osteoporosis. Sweetened beverages are also thought to be a leading contributor to obesity, which is just one more reason to stick with water and low-fat milk. Just 3 cups of milk covers the entire recommended daily intake of calcium for adults and kids ages 9 and up.

Junk Food: Salty packaged and restaurant foods

Real Food: Home-cooked meals

“Salt is the single most harmful substance in our diet. If we could cut sodium intake in half it would save upwards of 100,000 lives a year,” Jacobson says. Bread, cheese and processed meats – which are often injected with salt water solutions to enhance flavor – are major sources of sodium, but 77 percent of the salt we consume comes from restaurant and packaged foods. Salt is used as a cheap way to flavor these foods, and it can also prevent bacterial growth, help texture, or mask “off flavor” that can develop during long storage. Food additives and preservatives, such as monosodium glutamate (MSG), also add sodium to our diet. If you’re eating out, make sure you look at the menu closely for healthy options, or split your meal to cut sodium (not to mention fat and calories) in half, Jacobson urges.

Junk Food: Processed meats

Real Food: Fish and vegetarian foods

“Processed meats like hot dogs and bologna are particularly high in saturated fat,” Jacobson says. “Fortunately there are low-fat (options) at grocery stores.”

In addition to sticking to less-processed meats, try alternatives like veggie burgers. “They have the feel and taste of a hamburger but are much, much lower in saturated fat. Just watch the sodium content.”

Jacobson also recommends consuming more oily fish, such as trout and salmon, because many people’s diets lack omega-3 fatty acids, which may lower risk of chronic diseases like cancer and arthritis and help our brains function. The USDA recommends consuming at least 8 ounces of fish a week.

Real Food: Whole grains

White bread hits you with a double whammy. First, it’s typically loaded with sodium, and second, the simple carbs it contains can send your blood sugar skyrocketing, which leaves you hungry and zaps your energy. By eating white bread instead of whole grains you’re also missing out on dietary fiber and other valuable vitamins and minerals that promote weight loss, heart health and overall health. Fill your diet with whole grains instead of refined white flour and you might feel less hungry – research indicates that whole grains help control our appetites by promoting satiety. Whole grains also help regulate blood sugar and have been linked to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes.

Junk Food: Refined sugar

Real Food: Raw honey and other natural sweeteners

The process of refining sugar strips away vitamins and minerals from the cane or beet, so you’re left with the calorie-dense, nutrient deficient grain. Not only does sugar contribute to obesity, heart disease and cancer, but also moodiness and irritability. To satisfy your sweet tooth, use unrefined organic sugar, raw honey or whole maple syrup, suggests Nina Planck, author of “Real Food: What to Eat and Why.” Though they won’t save you calories, raw honey and whole maple syrup contain traces of antioxidants, which refined sugar lacks. Plus, raw honey possesses anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

Junk Food: Corn- and grain-fed beef

Real Food: Grass-fed beef

The idea of eating meat from animals that are free to roam in green pastures (as opposed to being contained in a feedlot) is a comforting idea, and it’s also one that can help your health.

“Feedlot beasts are usually raised with antibiotics and steroids. Also, the grains they feed on often contain pesticides and fertilizers,” Planck says. “Plus feedlots themselves are big manure lagoons.”

When grass-fed cows walk in pastures, they spread their manure naturally, unlike in feedlots where manure collects and becomes an environmental pollutant. Not only will switching to grass-fed beef give you peace of mind, but also health benefits. Grass-fed beef is higher in heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acids and has less total fat.

For more tips and tricks, visit Fitbie.com

As documentaries like "Food Inc." and advocates like author Michael Pollan have emerged in recent years to show us the industrialization of our food supply, the term "real foods" has entered our vocabulary. The phrase refers to foods that are nourishing, whole and produced in a humane and sustainable way - an antidote to the highly processed junk foods that are so prevalent in our diets.

"The problem with so many of these (processed) foods is that they contribute to diets high in sugar, salt and saturated fat, and deficient in dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals. The consequences are obesity, heart disease, tooth decay, diabetes and other chronic diseases," says Michael Jacobson, PhD, executive director of the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a nonprofit organization that's launching the nation's first-ever Food Day on Oct. 24, to raise awareness about food-related issues.

To help you clean up your diet, we've identified six unhealthy foods to ditch and nutritious "real food" replacements.

Junk Food: Soft drinks and sugary drinks

Real Foods: Milk and water

"Sugary drinks promote obesity, push healthy foods out of your diet, and provide no nutrients," Jacobson says. As people, especially children, have started consuming more soda, they've consumed less low-fat milk, which means they're missing out on calcium and increasing their risk of osteoporosis. Sweetened beverages are also thought to be a leading contributor to obesity, which is just one more reason to stick with water and low-fat milk. Just 3 cups of milk covers the entire recommended daily intake of calcium for adults and kids ages 9 and up.

Junk Food: Salty packaged and restaurant foods

Real Food: Home-cooked meals

"Salt is the single most harmful substance in our diet. If we could cut sodium intake in half it would save upwards of 100,000 lives a year," Jacobson says. Bread, cheese and processed meats - which are often injected with salt water solutions to enhance flavor - are major sources of sodium, but 77 percent of the salt we consume comes from restaurant and packaged foods. Salt is used as a cheap way to flavor these foods, and it can also prevent bacterial growth, help texture, or mask "off flavor" that can develop during long storage. Food additives and preservatives, such as monosodium glutamate (MSG), also add sodium to our diet. If you're eating out, make sure you look at the menu closely for healthy options, or split your meal to cut sodium (not to mention fat and calories) in half, Jacobson urges.

Junk Food: Processed meats

Real Food: Fish and vegetarian foods

"Processed meats like hot dogs and bologna are particularly high in saturated fat," Jacobson says. "Fortunately there are low-fat (options) at grocery stores."

In addition to sticking to less-processed meats, try alternatives like veggie burgers. "They have the feel and taste of a hamburger but are much, much lower in saturated fat. Just watch the sodium content."

Jacobson also recommends consuming more oily fish, such as trout and salmon, because many people's diets lack omega-3 fatty acids, which may lower risk of chronic diseases like cancer and arthritis and help our brains function. The USDA recommends consuming at least 8 ounces of fish a week.

Real Food: Whole grains

White bread hits you with a double whammy. First, it's typically loaded with sodium, and second, the simple carbs it contains can send your blood sugar skyrocketing, which leaves you hungry and zaps your energy. By eating white bread instead of whole grains you're also missing out on dietary fiber and other valuable vitamins and minerals that promote weight loss, heart health and overall health. Fill your diet with whole grains instead of refined white flour and you might feel less hungry - research indicates that whole grains help control our appetites by promoting satiety. Whole grains also help regulate blood sugar and have been linked to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes.

Junk Food: Refined sugar

Real Food: Raw honey and other natural sweeteners

The process of refining sugar strips away vitamins and minerals from the cane or beet, so you're left with the calorie-dense, nutrient deficient grain. Not only does sugar contribute to obesity, heart disease and cancer, but also moodiness and irritability. To satisfy your sweet tooth, use unrefined organic sugar, raw honey or whole maple syrup, suggests Nina Planck, author of "Real Food: What to Eat and Why." Though they won't save you calories, raw honey and whole maple syrup contain traces of antioxidants, which refined sugar lacks. Plus, raw honey possesses anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

Junk Food: Corn- and grain-fed beef

Real Food: Grass-fed beef

The idea of eating meat from animals that are free to roam in green pastures (as opposed to being contained in a feedlot) is a comforting idea, and it's also one that can help your health.

"Feedlot beasts are usually raised with antibiotics and steroids. Also, the grains they feed on often contain pesticides and fertilizers," Planck says. "Plus feedlots themselves are big manure lagoons."

When grass-fed cows walk in pastures, they spread their manure naturally, unlike in feedlots where manure collects and becomes an environmental pollutant. Not only will switching to grass-fed beef give you peace of mind, but also health benefits. Grass-fed beef is higher in heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acids and has less total fat.

For more tips and tricks, visit Fitbie.com

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What is Your Exercise Personality?

Posted October 10, 2011

For more than 10 years, I have worked with different clients with different goals and personalities, either in a one-on-one setting or in a group.

With my background in psychology, combined with research and experience in fitness and weight management, I have come up with the following success strategies that you can apply, depending on your personality, to help you achieve your exercise goals.

All or nothing- You might be an achiever, a well-organized person, and can really focus well. You may be open to explore other exercise or diet options as long as you can manage to control the situation.

However, when things are not working that way you expected, you get easily discouraged, and you have the tendency to abandon what you have started. You want everything to be perfect and all-or-nothing thinking’either you complete the whole program while following the perfect diet, or you just quit the whole thing.

Your goal should not be about perfectionism, but about achieving moderation in exercise, diet and your overall lifestyle.

When failure comes your way, learn how to forgive yourself and move on. No one is perfect. It is absolutely fine to be organized and focused, but make extra effort to learn how not to get easily affected by problems.

When you write a lifestyle journal, do not focus too much on numbers, but more on how you feel and how you have improved in terms of achieving a balanced lifestyle.

Impatient- You want quick results, so you will do whatever it takes to drop the pounds as quickly as possible. You get easily discouraged when things get slower and might quit the exercise or weight-loss program.

Think forward. Focus on the consequences of quick-fix strategies, like quick weight regain, mood disturbances and injuries to discourage you from embracing unsafe and short-term programs.

Competitive- You love challenges, but you choose your battles-where you can excel and feel good about yourself. Your primary motivation to exercise might be proving to others that you can do better than them; you can lose weight or run faster. So whenever there are in weight-loss competitions or road races, you grab the opportunity, and prepare well for it. However, when there’s no competition, you get relaxed and unmotivated.

Consider competition an extra bonus to get yourself moving, but it should not be your focus. Modify your thinking; this time is all about competing against yourself and no one else.

Learn to focus your energy and attention on your own unique strengths and capabilities, and stop comparing yourself with others.

Impulsive- You can purchase a personal training package or a one-year gym membership because you get easily excited to reach your exercise goals (like losing 10 pounds for a beach wedding), without really thinking much about the current situation.

You don’t even think about the expenses or your schedule, because you are in the mode of getting everything started. But when some unexpected, unfavorable things happen, you might get easily affected and may just abandon your program.

If you are impulsive, then your goals should focus more on learning how to prioritize things.

Take time to evaluate your current condition, goals, lifestyle and finances, and then devise a plan so you can assess if your decision is what you really need right now. Do not set unrealistic plans for yourself, like working out 10 hours a week, just because you are overflowing with excitement. Start with doable exercise plans for the next six months, gradually progressing.

Passive/relaxed- You might not make extra effort to take it to the next level, and usually depend on follow-ups before you get encouraged to exert extra sweat. If you do not actively watch your progress, you might take a longer time achieving your goals.

Focus more on self-responsibility. Do not always rely on your trainer’s reminders for you to get moving.

You can always exercise with other people to get more encouragement and support, but learn how to do everything on your own.

Monitor your progress and give yourself non-food rewards for your accomplishments.

To see more of the Asia News Network, go to http://www.asianewsnet.net/home/

Copyright © 2011, Philippine Daily Inquirer, Manila / Asia News Network

For more than 10 years, I have worked with different clients with different goals and personalities, either in a one-on-one setting or in a group.

With my background in psychology, combined with research and experience in fitness and weight management, I have come up with the following success strategies that you can apply, depending on your personality, to help you achieve your exercise goals.

All or nothing- You might be an achiever, a well-organized person, and can really focus well. You may be open to explore other exercise or diet options as long as you can manage to control the situation.

However, when things are not working that way you expected, you get easily discouraged, and you have the tendency to abandon what you have started. You want everything to be perfect and all-or-nothing thinking'either you complete the whole program while following the perfect diet, or you just quit the whole thing.

Your goal should not be about perfectionism, but about achieving moderation in exercise, diet and your overall lifestyle.

When failure comes your way, learn how to forgive yourself and move on. No one is perfect. It is absolutely fine to be organized and focused, but make extra effort to learn how not to get easily affected by problems.

When you write a lifestyle journal, do not focus too much on numbers, but more on how you feel and how you have improved in terms of achieving a balanced lifestyle.

Impatient- You want quick results, so you will do whatever it takes to drop the pounds as quickly as possible. You get easily discouraged when things get slower and might quit the exercise or weight-loss program.

Think forward. Focus on the consequences of quick-fix strategies, like quick weight regain, mood disturbances and injuries to discourage you from embracing unsafe and short-term programs.

Competitive- You love challenges, but you choose your battles-where you can excel and feel good about yourself. Your primary motivation to exercise might be proving to others that you can do better than them; you can lose weight or run faster. So whenever there are in weight-loss competitions or road races, you grab the opportunity, and prepare well for it. However, when there's no competition, you get relaxed and unmotivated.

Consider competition an extra bonus to get yourself moving, but it should not be your focus. Modify your thinking; this time is all about competing against yourself and no one else.

Learn to focus your energy and attention on your own unique strengths and capabilities, and stop comparing yourself with others.

Impulsive- You can purchase a personal training package or a one-year gym membership because you get easily excited to reach your exercise goals (like losing 10 pounds for a beach wedding), without really thinking much about the current situation.

You don't even think about the expenses or your schedule, because you are in the mode of getting everything started. But when some unexpected, unfavorable things happen, you might get easily affected and may just abandon your program.

If you are impulsive, then your goals should focus more on learning how to prioritize things.

Take time to evaluate your current condition, goals, lifestyle and finances, and then devise a plan so you can assess if your decision is what you really need right now. Do not set unrealistic plans for yourself, like working out 10 hours a week, just because you are overflowing with excitement. Start with doable exercise plans for the next six months, gradually progressing.

Passive/relaxed- You might not make extra effort to take it to the next level, and usually depend on follow-ups before you get encouraged to exert extra sweat. If you do not actively watch your progress, you might take a longer time achieving your goals.

Focus more on self-responsibility. Do not always rely on your trainer's reminders for you to get moving.

You can always exercise with other people to get more encouragement and support, but learn how to do everything on your own.

Monitor your progress and give yourself non-food rewards for your accomplishments.

To see more of the Asia News Network, go to http://www.asianewsnet.net/home/

Copyright © 2011, Philippine Daily Inquirer, Manila / Asia News Network

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Foods That Really Make You Happy

Posted Sept 9, 2011

Bad day? Fight the blues without blowing your diet by picking foods that boost happy brain chemicals while helping you stay slim

When you’re in a funk, your first instinct isn’t to whip up a bowl of lentil soup or pour yourself a glass of milk. But compounds in these foods may help ward off depression, fight fatigue, and reduce anxiety by increasing levels of mood-boosting brain chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine. Traditional comfort foods, like those loaded with sugar, saturated fat, alcohol, and caffeine, on the other hand, can actually amplify edginess – not to mention blow your diet. To perk up without packing on the pounds, pick one of these nine healthy eats next time you’re feeling down.

Popcorn

The mood booster: Tryptophan

We hear tryptophan and we immediately think turkey – and tired. Truth is, when the amino acid is consumed with carbohydrates instead of protein, it’s more effective in aiding the body’s production of serotonin, a tranquility-inducing brain chemical. A study published in the journal Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia found that foods containing tryptophan, like mustard greens, pumpkin seeds and bananas, offer mood-elevating effects. Tryptophan levels are often low in people suffering from depression, although researchers are unclear as to whether the relationship is a cause or a consequence of the condition. The next time you feel down, try 3 cups of air-popped popcorn for 100 calories instead of gnawing on a drumstick.

Walnuts

The mood booster: Alpha-linolenic acid

While EPA and DHA, two omega-3 fatty acids found in salmon, tuna, and fish oil supplements, have been touted to help depression sufferers beat the blues, a new study of 55,000 women published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition suggests that alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), an omega-3 fatty acid in plant foods like walnuts, soybeans, and flaxseed, is the real star in alleviating depression symptoms. In the 10-year study, Harvard University researchers found that the risk of depression was lower among women who consumed more ALA, a compound previously thought to have few health benefits.

Cottage Cheese

The mood booster: Tyrosine

Low-fat sources of protein, like egg whites and low-fat cottage cheese, are packed with tyrosine, an amino acid that aids the brain’s production of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemicals that influence motivation and reaction time. Early studies showed that tyrosine could be used to alleviate symptoms of depression, as it is an essential building block for the mood-regulating brain chemicals norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin. Enjoy half a cup for only 90 calories and stock up on 14 g of filling protein.

Sunflower Seeds

The mood booster: Selenium

A Nutritional Neuroscience review of five studies on selenium and depression linked deficiencies in the mineral to poorer mood. Another study published in the Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine suggests that selenium can help prevent postpartum depression. When 44 postpartum women received 100 mcg of selenium daily, they scored lower on a postnatal depression scale. While Brazil nuts offer the biggest dose of selenium – a half-ounce serving packs 272 mcg – sunflower seeds are a lower-calorie snack option. A quarter cup of roasted seeds in their shells has about 70 calories and delivers 30 percent of the daily recommended value of selenium, while a single Brazil nut packs around 30 calories.

Lentils

The mood booster: Folate

Skip the mac and cheese and make a hearty bowl of soup your new favorite comfort food. A study published in the Journal of Nutrition found that of the 2,682 middle-age Finnish men in the study, those whose diets contained the least folate were 67 percent more likely to suffer from depression. Research suggests that low levels of the B vitamin impair the metabolism of neurotransmitters, leaving your brain short on serotonin and dopamine. Get your folate fix with a cup of lentils, which contains 230 calories and provides 70 percent of your daily folate and 63 percent of your daily fiber.

Avocado

The mood booster: Oleic acid

Healthy fats, like those found in olive oil and avocados, don’t just keep belly fat at bay. They can also ward off a bad mood. Oleic acid, a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, increases the feel-good chemical serotonin in the brain, keeping you calm. In a study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry, researchers at the University of Nivarra in Spain found that people who consumed a Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, nuts, fish and olive oil were 30 percent less likely to become depressed.

Citrus Fruit

The mood booster: Vitamin C

For only 60 calories a pop, it’s easy to get nearly 100 percent of your daily recommended vitamin C in one place. Skip your orange and you might end up feeling bitter. In a study conducted by doctors at Jewish General Hospital in Montreal and published in the journal Nutrition, researchers found that when vitamin C-deficient hospital patients were supplemented with 500 mg of vitamin C twice daily for 1 week they experienced a 34 percent reduction in mood disturbance. Even the smell of citrus can put you in a better state of mind. When participants in an Ohio State University study smelled lemons, they reported greater improvements in mood and had higher levels of norepinephrine compared with when they sniffed lavender or unscented water.

Low-Fat Milk

The mood boosters: Vitamin D, calcium, whey protein

While research has linked deficiencies in vitamin D and calcium – two essential nutrients found in milk and fortified juices – to mood disorders, like depression, seasonal affective disorder, and PMS, a lesser-studied compound in dairy products can help you keep your cool in high-stress situations. An American Journal of Clinical Nutrition study found that alpha-lactalbumin, a component of whey protein, improves cognitive performance in stress-prone individuals by increasing levels of tryptophan and serotonin in the brain.

Bananas

The mood booster: Magnesium

This portable treat makes a great 100-calorie snack when you’re craving something sweet. Bananas are a good source of magnesium, a mineral that helps the brain deal with stress and may help boost mood, too. In a study of 5,700 adults published in the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, researchers linked higher levels of anxiety and depression to study participants with lower magnesium intake. Bananas are also packed with potassium, which helps boost alertness, tryptophan, an amino acid that aids the body in producing mood-boosting serotonin and mood-stabilizing vitamin B6.

For more tips and tricks, visit Fitbie.com.

McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

Bad day? Fight the blues without blowing your diet by picking foods that boost happy brain chemicals while helping you stay slim

When you're in a funk, your first instinct isn't to whip up a bowl of lentil soup or pour yourself a glass of milk. But compounds in these foods may help ward off depression, fight fatigue, and reduce anxiety by increasing levels of mood-boosting brain chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine. Traditional comfort foods, like those loaded with sugar, saturated fat, alcohol, and caffeine, on the other hand, can actually amplify edginess - not to mention blow your diet. To perk up without packing on the pounds, pick one of these nine healthy eats next time you're feeling down.

Popcorn

The mood booster: Tryptophan

We hear tryptophan and we immediately think turkey - and tired. Truth is, when the amino acid is consumed with carbohydrates instead of protein, it's more effective in aiding the body's production of serotonin, a tranquility-inducing brain chemical. A study published in the journal Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia found that foods containing tryptophan, like mustard greens, pumpkin seeds and bananas, offer mood-elevating effects. Tryptophan levels are often low in people suffering from depression, although researchers are unclear as to whether the relationship is a cause or a consequence of the condition. The next time you feel down, try 3 cups of air-popped popcorn for 100 calories instead of gnawing on a drumstick.

Walnuts

The mood booster: Alpha-linolenic acid

While EPA and DHA, two omega-3 fatty acids found in salmon, tuna, and fish oil supplements, have been touted to help depression sufferers beat the blues, a new study of 55,000 women published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition suggests that alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), an omega-3 fatty acid in plant foods like walnuts, soybeans, and flaxseed, is the real star in alleviating depression symptoms. In the 10-year study, Harvard University researchers found that the risk of depression was lower among women who consumed more ALA, a compound previously thought to have few health benefits.

Cottage Cheese

The mood booster: Tyrosine

Low-fat sources of protein, like egg whites and low-fat cottage cheese, are packed with tyrosine, an amino acid that aids the brain's production of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemicals that influence motivation and reaction time. Early studies showed that tyrosine could be used to alleviate symptoms of depression, as it is an essential building block for the mood-regulating brain chemicals norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin. Enjoy half a cup for only 90 calories and stock up on 14 g of filling protein.

Sunflower Seeds

The mood booster: Selenium

A Nutritional Neuroscience review of five studies on selenium and depression linked deficiencies in the mineral to poorer mood. Another study published in the Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine suggests that selenium can help prevent postpartum depression. When 44 postpartum women received 100 mcg of selenium daily, they scored lower on a postnatal depression scale. While Brazil nuts offer the biggest dose of selenium - a half-ounce serving packs 272 mcg - sunflower seeds are a lower-calorie snack option. A quarter cup of roasted seeds in their shells has about 70 calories and delivers 30 percent of the daily recommended value of selenium, while a single Brazil nut packs around 30 calories.

Lentils

The mood booster: Folate

Skip the mac and cheese and make a hearty bowl of soup your new favorite comfort food. A study published in the Journal of Nutrition found that of the 2,682 middle-age Finnish men in the study, those whose diets contained the least folate were 67 percent more likely to suffer from depression. Research suggests that low levels of the B vitamin impair the metabolism of neurotransmitters, leaving your brain short on serotonin and dopamine. Get your folate fix with a cup of lentils, which contains 230 calories and provides 70 percent of your daily folate and 63 percent of your daily fiber.

Avocado

The mood booster: Oleic acid

Healthy fats, like those found in olive oil and avocados, don't just keep belly fat at bay. They can also ward off a bad mood. Oleic acid, a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, increases the feel-good chemical serotonin in the brain, keeping you calm. In a study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry, researchers at the University of Nivarra in Spain found that people who consumed a Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, nuts, fish and olive oil were 30 percent less likely to become depressed.

Citrus Fruit

The mood booster: Vitamin C

For only 60 calories a pop, it's easy to get nearly 100 percent of your daily recommended vitamin C in one place. Skip your orange and you might end up feeling bitter. In a study conducted by doctors at Jewish General Hospital in Montreal and published in the journal Nutrition, researchers found that when vitamin C-deficient hospital patients were supplemented with 500 mg of vitamin C twice daily for 1 week they experienced a 34 percent reduction in mood disturbance. Even the smell of citrus can put you in a better state of mind. When participants in an Ohio State University study smelled lemons, they reported greater improvements in mood and had higher levels of norepinephrine compared with when they sniffed lavender or unscented water.

Low-Fat Milk

The mood boosters: Vitamin D, calcium, whey protein

While research has linked deficiencies in vitamin D and calcium - two essential nutrients found in milk and fortified juices - to mood disorders, like depression, seasonal affective disorder, and PMS, a lesser-studied compound in dairy products can help you keep your cool in high-stress situations. An American Journal of Clinical Nutrition study found that alpha-lactalbumin, a component of whey protein, improves cognitive performance in stress-prone individuals by increasing levels of tryptophan and serotonin in the brain.

Bananas

The mood booster: Magnesium

This portable treat makes a great 100-calorie snack when you're craving something sweet. Bananas are a good source of magnesium, a mineral that helps the brain deal with stress and may help boost mood, too. In a study of 5,700 adults published in the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, researchers linked higher levels of anxiety and depression to study participants with lower magnesium intake. Bananas are also packed with potassium, which helps boost alertness, tryptophan, an amino acid that aids the body in producing mood-boosting serotonin and mood-stabilizing vitamin B6.

For more tips and tricks, visit Fitbie.com.

McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

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Good Gut Health

Posted Sept 4, 2011

When it comes to seeking optimal health, Dr. Gerard Mullin suspects the average person knows more about how the cardiac system works or how the brain functions than he or she knows about the complex system that delivers the fuel to keep it all going.

“I think as a culture, we are preoccupied by the heart and the brain,” said Mullin, a gastroenterologist who directs the Integrative GI Nutrition Services at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore.”The gut, as Rodney Dangerfield might say, never gets any respect. It is just a place where food is dumped and that is all that most people think about.”

Mullins, associate professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and former University of Bridgeport masters’ student has combined forces with registered dietitian and nutritionist Kathie Madonna Swift to release the book “The Inside Tract: Your Good Gut Guide to Great Digestive Health (Rodale Books, $19.99).” The book discusses the many condition associated with a poorly functioning digestive system, as well as advice for healing these problems. About 60 to 70 million Americans are plagued by digestive disease, according to the National Institutes of Health, and Mullin said he’s personally treated thousands. In the book’s introduction, Mullin noted that poor diet has been linked to many of today’s chronic illnesses. He writes that by changing your diet and absorbing the nutrients from whole, nonprocessed foods, people can slow and reverse many of these conditions.

We asked Mullin for some of his feelings on this overlooked part of the body.

Q: Are gut issues and health problems a combination of people not eating correctly and a medical system that, in some aspect, is treating them in ways that can exacerbate the problem?

A: We need to do a better job of instructing the public about prevention and healthy lifestyle. Medicine understands what you eat makes a difference. It is hard to ignore the data.

Q: In your practice, what have you found are some of the greatest obstacles people put in their own path when it comes to improving their digestive system?

A: Denial that their lifestyles and thinking need to change. Many would prefer to take a pill, rather than change. Another (obstacle) is the reluctance to seek stress management counseling.

Q: Why is the set of symptoms so vast when it comes to issues with the gut? How can one assess whether what they have is just a minor irritation or a condition that requires medical intervention?

A: The gut is far from simple. (It’s) very complicated — (there are) symptoms galore. There are many red-flag symptoms — such as bleeding, constant diarrhea, incapacitating pain — that are fairly obvious. The GPS (gastrointestinal patient symptom tool) we provided gives readers a sense of the severity of symptoms. And, if they are severe, they need to seek medical advice if they choose to follow Track 3 (the most restricted meal plan in the book.)

Q: I love the concept of the GPS, which should be easy for busy people to remember. Is this something you hope readers will use with their doctors and other health providers?

A: It’s really up to the individual client, but it has worked well for my patients. A lot of people think they are eating healthy, but this sets the record straight. The plans are contemporary and up-to-date. There is some really good nutrition; we provide a lot of help.

Q: I know your book is not meant for a quick fix, but what are three things people can do that can set them on a path to better health?

A: Take a look at your plate and think about what you are eating. If you are eating out a lot and not eating too healthy, you’ll need to revamp your diet. So, look at your diet and see what you can do better. You may want to meet with a dietician or a registered nurse, too. You have to think about healthier food for the gut, and about things that you are going to eliminate. It is a system of self-diagnosis, a way of engaging yourself so you get to a point where you think about what you are eating.

(Next), look at the way you are living, at your lifestyle. That can range from someone who is not exercising or sleeping too well, to someone who is drinking too much. These are connected with our gut health, which the book goes into and provides solutions. If you are stressing and not relaxing and not taking vacations or taking walks, it is going to be hard to be healthy.

And, third, the book gives people a sense for what the gut does, what can go wrong with it, why we have such a problem. It is more of a wake-up call that it is something that they need to pay attention to. You have to think about the gut in terms of overall health and wellness. If you keep your gut happy, you will be healthy.

Q: Why does a healthy gut translate to a healthy being?

A: Eastern traditional medicine has, for centuries, taught us that good gut health is important for vibrant health. Gut ailments can adversely effect virtually every organ and body system. Finally, gut microbiota (microscopic living organisms) may influence the development of obesity, cardiovascular disease, mood disorders, allergies, and asthma. The gut (contains) the vast majority of our immune system, which interacts with immune and nonimmune cells throughout the body. So the gut does more than just process food like a blender. It’s the inner tube of life.

Staff writer Christina Hennessy can be reached at christina.hennessy@scni.com or 203-964-2241.

To see more of The Stamford Advocate, or to subscribe to the newspaper, go to http://www.stamfordadvocate.com.

Copyright © 2011, The Stamford Advocate, Conn.

When it comes to seeking optimal health, Dr. Gerard Mullin suspects the average person knows more about how the cardiac system works or how the brain functions than he or she knows about the complex system that delivers the fuel to keep it all going.

"I think as a culture, we are preoccupied by the heart and the brain," said Mullin, a gastroenterologist who directs the Integrative GI Nutrition Services at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore."The gut, as Rodney Dangerfield might say, never gets any respect. It is just a place where food is dumped and that is all that most people think about."

Mullins, associate professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and former University of Bridgeport masters' student has combined forces with registered dietitian and nutritionist Kathie Madonna Swift to release the book "The Inside Tract: Your Good Gut Guide to Great Digestive Health (Rodale Books, $19.99)." The book discusses the many condition associated with a poorly functioning digestive system, as well as advice for healing these problems. About 60 to 70 million Americans are plagued by digestive disease, according to the National Institutes of Health, and Mullin said he's personally treated thousands. In the book's introduction, Mullin noted that poor diet has been linked to many of today's chronic illnesses. He writes that by changing your diet and absorbing the nutrients from whole, nonprocessed foods, people can slow and reverse many of these conditions.

We asked Mullin for some of his feelings on this overlooked part of the body.

Q: Are gut issues and health problems a combination of people not eating correctly and a medical system that, in some aspect, is treating them in ways that can exacerbate the problem?

A: We need to do a better job of instructing the public about prevention and healthy lifestyle. Medicine understands what you eat makes a difference. It is hard to ignore the data.

Q: In your practice, what have you found are some of the greatest obstacles people put in their own path when it comes to improving their digestive system?

A: Denial that their lifestyles and thinking need to change. Many would prefer to take a pill, rather than change. Another (obstacle) is the reluctance to seek stress management counseling.

Q: Why is the set of symptoms so vast when it comes to issues with the gut? How can one assess whether what they have is just a minor irritation or a condition that requires medical intervention?

A: The gut is far from simple. (It's) very complicated -- (there are) symptoms galore. There are many red-flag symptoms -- such as bleeding, constant diarrhea, incapacitating pain -- that are fairly obvious. The GPS (gastrointestinal patient symptom tool) we provided gives readers a sense of the severity of symptoms. And, if they are severe, they need to seek medical advice if they choose to follow Track 3 (the most restricted meal plan in the book.)

Q: I love the concept of the GPS, which should be easy for busy people to remember. Is this something you hope readers will use with their doctors and other health providers?

A: It's really up to the individual client, but it has worked well for my patients. A lot of people think they are eating healthy, but this sets the record straight. The plans are contemporary and up-to-date. There is some really good nutrition; we provide a lot of help.

Q: I know your book is not meant for a quick fix, but what are three things people can do that can set them on a path to better health?

A: Take a look at your plate and think about what you are eating. If you are eating out a lot and not eating too healthy, you'll need to revamp your diet. So, look at your diet and see what you can do better. You may want to meet with a dietician or a registered nurse, too. You have to think about healthier food for the gut, and about things that you are going to eliminate. It is a system of self-diagnosis, a way of engaging yourself so you get to a point where you think about what you are eating.

(Next), look at the way you are living, at your lifestyle. That can range from someone who is not exercising or sleeping too well, to someone who is drinking too much. These are connected with our gut health, which the book goes into and provides solutions. If you are stressing and not relaxing and not taking vacations or taking walks, it is going to be hard to be healthy.

And, third, the book gives people a sense for what the gut does, what can go wrong with it, why we have such a problem. It is more of a wake-up call that it is something that they need to pay attention to. You have to think about the gut in terms of overall health and wellness. If you keep your gut happy, you will be healthy.

Q: Why does a healthy gut translate to a healthy being?

A: Eastern traditional medicine has, for centuries, taught us that good gut health is important for vibrant health. Gut ailments can adversely effect virtually every organ and body system. Finally, gut microbiota (microscopic living organisms) may influence the development of obesity, cardiovascular disease, mood disorders, allergies, and asthma. The gut (contains) the vast majority of our immune system, which interacts with immune and nonimmune cells throughout the body. So the gut does more than just process food like a blender. It's the inner tube of life.

Staff writer Christina Hennessy can be reached at christina.hennessy@scni.com or 203-964-2241.

To see more of The Stamford Advocate, or to subscribe to the newspaper, go to http://www.stamfordadvocate.com.

Copyright © 2011, The Stamford Advocate, Conn.

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Music May Help Those With Cancer

Posted Aug 12, 2011

LISTENING to music may help cancer patients by reducing anxiety, alleviating pain and improving quality of life, a study has found.

Scientists analysed evidence from almost 2,000 patients taking part in 30 trials.

Some listened to prerecorded music while others had controlled experience sessions with music therapists.

Compared with standard treatments, music significantly reduced clinical anxiety scores, said the Cochrane Library researchers.

Music was also found to improve mood and help control pain.

Some trials reported much bigger benefits than others.

The evidence suggests that music interventions may be useful as a complementary treatment to people with cancer,” said lead researcher Dr Joke Bradt, from Drexel University in Philadelphia, US.

“Music interventions provided by trained music therapists as well as listening to pre-recorded music have both shown positive outcomes in this review.”

LISTENING to music may help cancer patients by reducing anxiety, alleviating pain and improving quality of life, a study has found.

Scientists analysed evidence from almost 2,000 patients taking part in 30 trials.

Some listened to prerecorded music while others had controlled experience sessions with music therapists.

Compared with standard treatments, music significantly reduced clinical anxiety scores, said the Cochrane Library researchers.

Music was also found to improve mood and help control pain.

Some trials reported much bigger benefits than others.

The evidence suggests that music interventions may be useful as a complementary treatment to people with cancer," said lead researcher Dr Joke Bradt, from Drexel University in Philadelphia, US.

"Music interventions provided by trained music therapists as well as listening to pre-recorded music have both shown positive outcomes in this review."

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Sleep Helps Boost Athletic Performance

Posted Aug 6, 2011

San Francisco — In a sleep-deprived country, where most Americans struggle just to get eight hours of shut-eye a night, a Stanford researcher asked a rather outlandish question: What would happen if folks aimed for 10 hours of sleep?

The answer for a basketball player: a better free-throw shot.

That’s according to a study, published in this month’s edition of the journal Sleep, of 11 players from Stanford’s varsity basketball team. They tried to get at least 10 hours of sleep every night for five to seven weeks — or two to three hours more than they were used to.

The players didn’t quite make it to 10 hours, but they did add about 90 minutes of sleep time, and the results were noticeable.

Collectively, they took almost a full second off of their times in 282-foot sprints on a basketball court, and they improved the accuracy of both their free-throw and three-point shooting by 9 percent.

“What these findings suggest is that these athletes were operating at a sub-optimal level. They’d accumulated a sleep debt,” said Cheri Mah , a researcher at the Stanford Sleep Disorders Clinic and lead author of the study. “It’s not that they couldn’t function — they were doing fine — but that they might not have been at their full potential.”

The study was very small, and the results will need to be confirmed with a larger group of athletes, Mah said. But the fact that every one of the 11 players saw improvements is pretty strong evidence that extra sleep can elevate athletic performance.

Whether the results would apply to the general population — in better performance at work or more energy at the gym — is hard to say, sleep experts say. But it’s been well documented that sleep deprivation negatively effects people’s short-term memory and moods, so it stands to reason that more sleep could have positive effects.

“The issue of athletic performance probably doesn’t apply to everyone. But everyone probably underestimates the impact of sleep deprivation,” said Dr. David Claman , director of the University of California at San Francisco Sleep Disorders Center.

In the Stanford study, the athletes first recorded their normal sleep schedule for four weeks, and on average they reported close to eight hours of sleep on a typical night. They all said they were already in peak physical condition.

Next, the athletes spent five to seven weeks trying to get much more sleep than usual, and they estimated they got on average about 10 1/2 hours of sleep every night. Their athletic improvements, they told researchers, were startling.

Aside from the improved shooting and running, they performed better on reaction tests, were less fatigued throughout the day, and their overall mood picked up.

It’s worth noting that the players probably didn’t get as much sleep as they thought. All of them wore a device on their wrist that measured their sleep time by monitoring their movements.

According to the devices, the players averaged about 6 hours and 45 minutes of sleep during the first four weeks of the study, and 8 1/2 hours during the next five to seven weeks.

Sleep experts warned that it might not be a good idea for everyone to aim for 10 hours of sleep every night. Aside from the fact that it can be impractical — Americans seem to have a tough enough time getting just eight hours — there’s a “U-shaped curve” for sleep duration.

In other words, too much sleep can be just about as bad for overall health as too little, research has shown. That’s why most people should aim for seven to nine hours, said Dr. Anil Rama , medical director of the Sleep Medicine Laboratory at Kaiser San Jose.

Still, the Stanford study seems to demonstrate that athletes — elite or not — might seriously consider making sleep a part of their training programs, alongside nutrition or weight lifting, sleep experts said.

Scott Dunlap , an elite-level distance runner who is training for this month’s San Francisco Marathon, said he started incorporating sleep into his training a year or two ago.

“If you look at my training plan, sleep is right there along with mileage and pace,” said Dunlap, 42, who typically gets about six or seven hours of sleep during a regular training cycle, but bumps that up to nine or 10 hours in the two weeks before a big race.

“Once I started tracking my sleep, I realized I wasn’t getting nearly enough,” he said. “My performance picked up dramatically when I slept more. It was the difference between finishing barely in the top 10 and finishing on the podium.”

San Francisco -- In a sleep-deprived country, where most Americans struggle just to get eight hours of shut-eye a night, a Stanford researcher asked a rather outlandish question: What would happen if folks aimed for 10 hours of sleep?

The answer for a basketball player: a better free-throw shot.

That's according to a study, published in this month's edition of the journal Sleep, of 11 players from Stanford's varsity basketball team. They tried to get at least 10 hours of sleep every night for five to seven weeks -- or two to three hours more than they were used to.

The players didn't quite make it to 10 hours, but they did add about 90 minutes of sleep time, and the results were noticeable.

Collectively, they took almost a full second off of their times in 282-foot sprints on a basketball court, and they improved the accuracy of both their free-throw and three-point shooting by 9 percent.

"What these findings suggest is that these athletes were operating at a sub-optimal level. They'd accumulated a sleep debt," said Cheri Mah , a researcher at the Stanford Sleep Disorders Clinic and lead author of the study. "It's not that they couldn't function -- they were doing fine -- but that they might not have been at their full potential."

The study was very small, and the results will need to be confirmed with a larger group of athletes, Mah said. But the fact that every one of the 11 players saw improvements is pretty strong evidence that extra sleep can elevate athletic performance.

Whether the results would apply to the general population -- in better performance at work or more energy at the gym -- is hard to say, sleep experts say. But it's been well documented that sleep deprivation negatively effects people's short-term memory and moods, so it stands to reason that more sleep could have positive effects.

"The issue of athletic performance probably doesn't apply to everyone. But everyone probably underestimates the impact of sleep deprivation," said Dr. David Claman , director of the University of California at San Francisco Sleep Disorders Center.

In the Stanford study, the athletes first recorded their normal sleep schedule for four weeks, and on average they reported close to eight hours of sleep on a typical night. They all said they were already in peak physical condition.

Next, the athletes spent five to seven weeks trying to get much more sleep than usual, and they estimated they got on average about 10 1/2 hours of sleep every night. Their athletic improvements, they told researchers, were startling.

Aside from the improved shooting and running, they performed better on reaction tests, were less fatigued throughout the day, and their overall mood picked up.

It's worth noting that the players probably didn't get as much sleep as they thought. All of them wore a device on their wrist that measured their sleep time by monitoring their movements.

According to the devices, the players averaged about 6 hours and 45 minutes of sleep during the first four weeks of the study, and 8 1/2 hours during the next five to seven weeks.

Sleep experts warned that it might not be a good idea for everyone to aim for 10 hours of sleep every night. Aside from the fact that it can be impractical -- Americans seem to have a tough enough time getting just eight hours -- there's a "U-shaped curve" for sleep duration.

In other words, too much sleep can be just about as bad for overall health as too little, research has shown. That's why most people should aim for seven to nine hours, said Dr. Anil Rama , medical director of the Sleep Medicine Laboratory at Kaiser San Jose.

Still, the Stanford study seems to demonstrate that athletes -- elite or not -- might seriously consider making sleep a part of their training programs, alongside nutrition or weight lifting, sleep experts said.

Scott Dunlap , an elite-level distance runner who is training for this month's San Francisco Marathon, said he started incorporating sleep into his training a year or two ago.

"If you look at my training plan, sleep is right there along with mileage and pace," said Dunlap, 42, who typically gets about six or seven hours of sleep during a regular training cycle, but bumps that up to nine or 10 hours in the two weeks before a big race.

"Once I started tracking my sleep, I realized I wasn't getting nearly enough," he said. "My performance picked up dramatically when I slept more. It was the difference between finishing barely in the top 10 and finishing on the podium."

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Eye Test and Early Falls May Signal Alzheimer’s

Posted July 23, 2011

Scientists in Australia are reporting encouraging early results from a simple eye test they hope will give a noninvasive way to detect signs of Alzheimer’s disease.

Although it has been tried on just a small number of people and more research is needed, the experimental test has a solid basis: Alzheimer’s is known to cause changes in the eyes, not just the brain. Other scientists in the United States also are working on an eye test for detecting the disease.

A separate study found that falls might be an early warning sign of Alzheimer’s. People who seemed to have healthy minds but who were discovered to have hidden plaques clogging their brains were five times more likely to fall during the study than those without these brain deposits, which are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s.

Both studies were discussed Sunday at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference in France.

More than 5.4 million Americans and 35 million people worldwide have Alzheimer’s, the most common form of dementia. It has no cure and drugs only temporarily ease symptoms, so finding it early mostly helps patients and their families prepare and arrange care.

Brain scans can find evidence of Alzheimer’s a decade or more before it causes memory and thinking problems, but they’re too expensive and impractical for routine use. A simple eye test and warning signs like falls could be a big help.

The eye study involved photographing blood vessels in the retina, the nerve layer lining the back of the eyes. Most eye doctors have the cameras used for this, but it takes a special computer program to measure blood vessels for the experimental test doctors are using in the Alzheimer’s research, said the study’s leader, Shaun Frost of Australia’s national science agency, CSIRO.

Researchers compared retinal photos of 110 healthy people, 13 people with Alzheimer’s and 13 others with mild cognitive impairment, or “pre-Alzheimer’s,” who were taking part in a larger study on aging. The widths of certain blood vessels in those with Alzheimer’s were different from vessels in the others and the amount of difference matched the amount of plaque seen on brain scans.

More study is planned on larger groups to see how accurate the test might be, Frost said.

Earlier work by Dr. Lee Goldstein of Boston University showed that amyloid, the protein that makes up Alzheimer’s brain plaque, can be measured in the lens of the eyes of some people with the disease, particularly Down syndrome patients who often are prone to Alzheimer’s.

A company he holds stock in, Neuroptix, is testing a laser eye scanner to measure amyloid in the eyes. Goldstein praised the work by the Australian scientists.

>”It’s a small study” but “suggestive and encouraging,” he said. “My hat’s off to them for looking outside the brain for other areas where we might see other evidence of this disease.”

Eye doctors often are the first to see patients with signs of Alzheimer’s, which can start with vision changes, not just the memory problems the disease is most known for, said Dr. Ronald Petersen, a Mayo Clinic dementia expert with no role in the new studies.

Other signs could be balance and gait problems, which may show up before mental changes do. Susan Stark of Washington University in St. Louis led the first study tying falls to a risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease before mental changes show up.

It involved 125 people, average age 74, who had normal cognition and were taking part in a federally funded study of aging. They kept journals on how often they fell, and had brain scans and spinal taps to look for various substances that can signal Alzheimer’s disease.

In six months, 48 fell at least once. The risk of falling was nearly three times greater for each unit of increase in the sticky plaque that scans revealed in their brains.

“Falls are tricky” because they can be medication-related or due to dizziness from high blood pressure, a blood vessel problem or other diseases like Parkinson’s, said Creighton Phelps, a neuroscientist at the National Institute on Aging.

Falls also can cause head injury or brain trauma that leads to cognitive problems, said Laurie Ryan, who oversees some of the institute’s research grants but had no role in the study. Older people who hit their heads and suffer a small tear or bleeding in the brain might seem fine but develop symptoms a month later, she said.

The bottom line: “If you see somebody who’s having falls for no particular reason,” the person should be evaluated for dementia, said William Thies, the Alzheimer’s Association’s scientific director.

The warning signs of Alzheimer’s:

-Memory loss that disrupts daily life

-Trouble planning or solving problems

-Difficulty completing tasks

-Confusion with time or place

-Trouble understanding images and spatial relationships

-New problems with speaking or writing words

-Misplacing things and inability to retrace steps

-Decreased or poor judgment

-Social withdrawal

-Changes in mood or personality

Online:

National Institute on Aging: http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers

Alzheimer’s Association: http://www.alz.org

Marilynn Marchione can be followed at http://twitter.com/MMarchioneAP

Scientists in Australia are reporting encouraging early results from a simple eye test they hope will give a noninvasive way to detect signs of Alzheimer's disease.

Although it has been tried on just a small number of people and more research is needed, the experimental test has a solid basis: Alzheimer's is known to cause changes in the eyes, not just the brain. Other scientists in the United States also are working on an eye test for detecting the disease.

A separate study found that falls might be an early warning sign of Alzheimer's. People who seemed to have healthy minds but who were discovered to have hidden plaques clogging their brains were five times more likely to fall during the study than those without these brain deposits, which are a hallmark of Alzheimer's.

Both studies were discussed Sunday at the Alzheimer's Association International Conference in France.

More than 5.4 million Americans and 35 million people worldwide have Alzheimer's, the most common form of dementia. It has no cure and drugs only temporarily ease symptoms, so finding it early mostly helps patients and their families prepare and arrange care.

Brain scans can find evidence of Alzheimer's a decade or more before it causes memory and thinking problems, but they're too expensive and impractical for routine use. A simple eye test and warning signs like falls could be a big help.

The eye study involved photographing blood vessels in the retina, the nerve layer lining the back of the eyes. Most eye doctors have the cameras used for this, but it takes a special computer program to measure blood vessels for the experimental test doctors are using in the Alzheimer's research, said the study's leader, Shaun Frost of Australia's national science agency, CSIRO.

Researchers compared retinal photos of 110 healthy people, 13 people with Alzheimer's and 13 others with mild cognitive impairment, or "pre-Alzheimer's," who were taking part in a larger study on aging. The widths of certain blood vessels in those with Alzheimer's were different from vessels in the others and the amount of difference matched the amount of plaque seen on brain scans.

More study is planned on larger groups to see how accurate the test might be, Frost said.

Earlier work by Dr. Lee Goldstein of Boston University showed that amyloid, the protein that makes up Alzheimer's brain plaque, can be measured in the lens of the eyes of some people with the disease, particularly Down syndrome patients who often are prone to Alzheimer's.

A company he holds stock in, Neuroptix, is testing a laser eye scanner to measure amyloid in the eyes. Goldstein praised the work by the Australian scientists.

>"It's a small study" but "suggestive and encouraging," he said. "My hat's off to them for looking outside the brain for other areas where we might see other evidence of this disease."

Eye doctors often are the first to see patients with signs of Alzheimer's, which can start with vision changes, not just the memory problems the disease is most known for, said Dr. Ronald Petersen, a Mayo Clinic dementia expert with no role in the new studies.

Other signs could be balance and gait problems, which may show up before mental changes do. Susan Stark of Washington University in St. Louis led the first study tying falls to a risk of developing Alzheimer's disease before mental changes show up.

It involved 125 people, average age 74, who had normal cognition and were taking part in a federally funded study of aging. They kept journals on how often they fell, and had brain scans and spinal taps to look for various substances that can signal Alzheimer's disease.

In six months, 48 fell at least once. The risk of falling was nearly three times greater for each unit of increase in the sticky plaque that scans revealed in their brains.

"Falls are tricky" because they can be medication-related or due to dizziness from high blood pressure, a blood vessel problem or other diseases like Parkinson's, said Creighton Phelps, a neuroscientist at the National Institute on Aging.

Falls also can cause head injury or brain trauma that leads to cognitive problems, said Laurie Ryan, who oversees some of the institute's research grants but had no role in the study. Older people who hit their heads and suffer a small tear or bleeding in the brain might seem fine but develop symptoms a month later, she said.

The bottom line: "If you see somebody who's having falls for no particular reason," the person should be evaluated for dementia, said William Thies, the Alzheimer's Association's scientific director.

The warning signs of Alzheimer's:

-Memory loss that disrupts daily life

-Trouble planning or solving problems

-Difficulty completing tasks

-Confusion with time or place

-Trouble understanding images and spatial relationships

-New problems with speaking or writing words

-Misplacing things and inability to retrace steps

-Decreased or poor judgment

-Social withdrawal

-Changes in mood or personality

Online:

National Institute on Aging: http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers

Alzheimer's Association: http://www.alz.org

Marilynn Marchione can be followed at http://twitter.com/MMarchioneAP

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Early Birds May Get Better Grades in College

Posted July 18, 2011

Getting more ZZZ’s at night doesn’t necessarily translate to more A’s on report cards, according to a new study that examines college students’ sleeping habits.

The study — presented last month at “SLEEP 2011,” a meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies — found that although a class schedule with later start times allows college students to get more sleep, it also gives them more time to stay out drinking at night. As a result, their grades tend to suffer.

“Later class start times seemed to change the choices students make: They sleep longer, and they drink more,” said co-lead author Pamela Thacher, associate professor of the Department of Psychology at St. Lawrence University in Canton, N.Y.

Thacher speculated that drinking more alcohol, which is known to disrupt sleep, may reduce the benefits of getting more sleep.

“The effects of later class start times might include more sleep,” she said in a news release. “But this might be offset by lower quality sleep, which in turn might affect their ability to engage, intellectually, with their coursework.”

At the University of Colorado, students say they try to craft their schedules around the times they feel most awake.

Nyall Hasty, a CU junior, was taking a late afternoon biology course.

“I just woke up from a nap,” he said, as he emerged from his class at about 4 p.m. He said he dozed off during a lecture on photosynthesis.

Ideally, he’d take classes from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m., he said, because he gets sleepy in the afternoon. He agrees with the study that when students have later classes it tempts them to stay out later.

CU junior Ariel Aguilar, who is studying computer science and psychology, said she tends to stack her classes up in the morning. During her freshman year, Aguilar said, she made the mistake of taking to many continuous classes that ran late into the afternoon and would fall asleep in her programming course.

Thacher, co-author Serge Onyper and their research team studied 253 college students.

The authors noted that the results are much different from previous studies of school start times in middle and high school. Those studies show numerous benefits of later school start times, which tend to decrease truancy, improve mood and indirectly promote learning.

In a study published in 2008 in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, Thacher found that 60 percent of student participants at a liberal-arts college reported engaging in a single night of total sleep deprivation once or more since starting college. Statistical analyses found that pulling an “all-nighter” was associated with lower grades.

Contact Camera Staff Writer Brittany Anas at 303-473-1132 or anasb@dailycamera.com.

To see more of the Daily Camera, or to subscribe to the newspaper, go to http://www.thedailycamera.com./

Copyright © 2011, Daily Camera, Boulder, Colo.

Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

Getting more ZZZ's at night doesn't necessarily translate to more A's on report cards, according to a new study that examines college students' sleeping habits.

The study -- presented last month at "SLEEP 2011," a meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies -- found that although a class schedule with later start times allows college students to get more sleep, it also gives them more time to stay out drinking at night. As a result, their grades tend to suffer.

"Later class start times seemed to change the choices students make: They sleep longer, and they drink more," said co-lead author Pamela Thacher, associate professor of the Department of Psychology at St. Lawrence University in Canton, N.Y.

Thacher speculated that drinking more alcohol, which is known to disrupt sleep, may reduce the benefits of getting more sleep.

"The effects of later class start times might include more sleep," she said in a news release. "But this might be offset by lower quality sleep, which in turn might affect their ability to engage, intellectually, with their coursework."

At the University of Colorado, students say they try to craft their schedules around the times they feel most awake.

Nyall Hasty, a CU junior, was taking a late afternoon biology course.

"I just woke up from a nap," he said, as he emerged from his class at about 4 p.m. He said he dozed off during a lecture on photosynthesis.

Ideally, he'd take classes from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m., he said, because he gets sleepy in the afternoon. He agrees with the study that when students have later classes it tempts them to stay out later.

CU junior Ariel Aguilar, who is studying computer science and psychology, said she tends to stack her classes up in the morning. During her freshman year, Aguilar said, she made the mistake of taking to many continuous classes that ran late into the afternoon and would fall asleep in her programming course.

Thacher, co-author Serge Onyper and their research team studied 253 college students.

The authors noted that the results are much different from previous studies of school start times in middle and high school. Those studies show numerous benefits of later school start times, which tend to decrease truancy, improve mood and indirectly promote learning.

In a study published in 2008 in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, Thacher found that 60 percent of student participants at a liberal-arts college reported engaging in a single night of total sleep deprivation once or more since starting college. Statistical analyses found that pulling an "all-nighter" was associated with lower grades.

Contact Camera Staff Writer Brittany Anas at 303-473-1132 or anasb@dailycamera.com.

To see more of the Daily Camera, or to subscribe to the newspaper, go to http://www.thedailycamera.com./

Copyright © 2011, Daily Camera, Boulder, Colo.

Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

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Parents Deal with Their Children’s Obesity

Posted June 15, 2011

When Nannette Magno looks at her youngest son, she sees a sweet 8-year-old who plays soccer and baseball and likes to help out in the kitchen.

Other people, she realized a few years ago, see something different. There was that day in church, for instance, when they ran into one of his classmates.

“That fat boy is in my school!” the kid yelled out, excited to see a familiar face.

Magno doesn’t generally talk about this with other moms. It’s too painful. But one day, looking for help, she will begin to share. First she’ll show you his soccer team photo.

“He does stand out,” she says. And indeed, he does.

She will go on to tell you that three of her four kids are significantly overweight and that she’s overweight herself. She will confide that as much as she keeps it inside, the problem consumes her. She is confused. Frustrated. And ashamed.

“I feel sometimes we’re being judged,” she says quietly.

She’s right, of course.

But also know this: Magno, a Seattle telecom analyst, is smart and hardworking, a devoted mom who reads nutrition labels, enrolls her kids in sports and cooks up homemade meals. She’s trained her brood to actually like their vegetables. Yet … there was that boy in church.

“You look at your kids and think, are they truly not normal?” she says. Then she wonders.

“Did I cause that?”

OK, stop right there. I know you’re blaming Magno. You’re probably blaming every other parent with overweight kids, too. But this is much more complicated than it might seem.

We’re not going to make the usual pronouncements that families are stressed for time, that healthy food is expensive, that school lunch is the problem. We’ve all heard it before.

Instead, Magno and other parents are going to talk about the battle going on inside their heads. There’s the relentless voice that tells them their kids are overweight, and the one that wants to protect them from the truth; the voice that makes them feel guilty when they let their kids have a treat and guilty when they say no; the one berating them to do more, and the one nagging at them — as they see a world of hurt in their children’s eyes — that nothing they could say seems right.

Maybe you’re already familiar with that voice. Because if the statistics are right — that 30 percent of kids are overweight or obese — a whole lot of you will read about these families and think, sadly, “That is us.”

JUST SO we’re clear, Woodinville mom Susan Stoltzfus would like to make a point. She and her son have weight problems, but that doesn’t mean they’re not trying to do something about it.

And another thing: The human body is a mysterious creation.

On the day her twins, Nathan and Noah, were born 14 years ago, there were 6 ounces difference between them. Quickly, they began to diverge.

“They are completely different in their weight and in their relationship with food,” Stoltzfus says. Nathan struggles with his weight. Noah’s a beanpole.

Clearly, there’s something more than parenting going on here.

Stoltzfus recalls when the twins were nursing, Nathan always seemed so much hungrier than Noah. He cried more, so she’d feed him first. Any mother would. As the boys got older, Nathan’s appetite continued.

Initially, it didn’t seem like a problem. It’s not as if they woke up one day and Nathan was suddenly huge. The weight just crept up.

Until the truth became inescapable. By the time they were 13, Nathan had 80 pounds on his twin.

But what was the solution? “Should I have sent him to Weight Watchers at 8?” Stoltzfus wonders. It seems ridiculous. Limiting one twin while indulging the other also seems fraught with problems.

By this point, too, habits had set in.

Now she and her husband were faced with a real challenge, one that’s familiar to every parent out there. They had to figure out how to take things away — things that Nathan, like most kids, had gotten quite accustomed to.

This is the crux of the problem.

STOLTZFUS KNOWS moms sometimes have to lay down the law. But sorting out weight issues? It’s just so emotionally fraught. Every day she goes through the same balancing act in her head. She doesn’t want to overemphasize food; parenting books advise against that. She doesn’t want to dictate every food choice; she wants her teens to learn to make their own decisions. Most of all, she doesn’t want to hurt Nathan.

“If I push him to do well with music it helps him develop his self-esteem,” she notes. “If I push him to lose weight it has the opposite effect.”

Nathan is doing better at eating reasonably, ever since he lost 37 pounds on Weight Watchers last year, but it’s a daily struggle.

When he overindulges, Stoltzfus debates: Should I say something now? She factors in his mood, considers how he might best learn healthy habits for the long term. And she wonders: Will her words lead him to eat more?

Mostly, she tiptoes.

“There was always that feeling I was the fat guy,” Nathan admits. “I never really told myself that, though. I would always cover it up.”

He pauses. “It’s actually kind of hard to accept.”

Which brings up another point: Do you even want your kid to accept this?

NANETTE MAGNO doesn’t want to hurt her kids, either. In the process, she’s beating up on herself.

She traces the problem back to the Bagel Bites. They’re pizza-like snacks you cook in the toaster oven, and her four kids loved them from the first taste. They wanted more and more.

Next it was chicken nuggets and frozen taquitos. And guilt.

“I got lazy,” she says.

Hardly. She used to regularly get up at 3:30 in the morning to make soup, which she’d pour into thermoses for school. She’d work during the day, race around to her kids’ activities, then be back in the kitchen for dinner, cooking up everything from salmon and asparagus to Filipino family recipes. Like her own mother, Magno would leave the pot on the stove, in case anyone wanted more.

Often, the kids would go back for seconds. Maybe even thirds. In some ways, it was flattering. At some point, though, she began trying to limit them.

That’s when they’d pull the trump card. I’m still hungry. A kid says he’s hungry, you can’t just say no, can you? She tries, of course, then feels like a control freak. More guilt. “I’m so tired of being the watchdog all the time,” she says.

The dilemmas never end. Her kid wants to have a pizza party after a team victory. Does she suggest a salad party instead? Going to church, to restaurants, even walking in the mall as a family, she feels the judgment.

“I think people are like, ‘Look at that unhealthy family,’ ” she says.

At parties, she’s convinced people are tracking how much her kids eat. It’s probably true.

She has made changes. The family goes out less, and the kids get fruit with their lunch. She’s talked to her mother about cutting back on her elaborate after-school snacks.

But it’s not like there are visible results. Guilt times three.

“I’m kind of lost,” she says.

What she and Stoltzfus are hearing from the experts — eat more vegetables, buy lower-fat products, substitute fruit for cookies — misses the point completely. What they need are strategies for subtraction.

That’s where our next family comes in. They’ve made radical changes in their lifestyle.

Boy is it hard.

LESLIE WHITAKER remembers the moment it hit her. She was with her grandchildren, Nikita and Darius Steele, at the Great Wolf Lodge last November. As she looked around, she saw only one other kid shaped like them.

A doctor later confirmed what Whitakeer saw. At age 11 and 12, these Bellevue tweens were about 30 pounds overweight — a third more than the charts said they should weigh. Nikita, a sixth-grader, had high cholesterol.

Whitaker, her daughter, Lara Steele, and Lara’s husband, Shawn, had talked about making changes, but they were never able to stick to anything. Lara, who stays at home, would battle the kids all day trying to keep them from junkie snacks; Shawn would come home from work at Microsoft and say, “Let’s go to Taco Bell!”

The night of the doctor’s visit, the three adults holed up in the bedroom for a heart-to-heart. They talked about Whitaker’s fondness for treating them to big pancake breakfasts; Lara’s sweets; Shawn’s fast food. All three had to make changes.

“We built a consensus that didn’t point fingers,” Whitaker says.

Consensus doesn’t burn calories, of course. The situation called for drastic action: They’d go cold turkey. No meals out, period.

And they would no longer fix the kids a separate dinner, which usually wound up being frozen nuggets or mac and cheese in the playroom. Every night, they’d all sit at the table.

And the big one: If it was unhealthy, it wasn’t allowed in the house.

The next morning, when the kids went to school, Lara and Leslie went through the kitchen. Out went the Oreos and the Cheez Whiz and the chips. Out went the Sprites and the sugar-filled fruit drinks. Out went the white rice and high-sodium cans of soup.

It took three hours. The castoffs filled the entire back of Lara’s SUV.

“It was sad to realize how much junk I had in the house just to save time cooking,” Steele says.

Then they went to Whole Foods. They deliberated over every purchase, read every label. The bill: $200.

They felt good.

When the kids heard the plan, they flipped.

“I threw an immature little-girl temper tantrum,” Nikita says. “Also cried.”

Darius opened the fridge. “It’s all green!”

A FEW WEEKS into their new regimen, the Steele kids are still adjusting.

Walking to their school-carpool pickup site instead of driving isn’t their idea of fun. But when Whitaker sets out one afternoon with Darius, he doesn’t grumble too much.

Fifteen minutes later, he peers in the wibndow of a convenience store as they wait for Nikita. “Can I have a doughnut?”

And later, “Can I have some gum?”

He fidgets. “I need food now,” he says.

“You may eat any fruit that you find at home,” Whitaker tells him calmly. She has brought “no” back into their vocabulary.

As soon as Nikita gets out of the car, Darius spots it: “Nikita’s got gum!” he says.

Back home, Whitaker gives the kids a snack of carrots, celery and peanut butter. Then she sets about making spaghetti sauce and whole-wheat pasta.

If she were making it for herself, she’d throw in a lot of vegetables. But for the kids?

“They’re not going to want a sauce that complex,” she says. “So I’ll serve the broccoli and asparagus separately.” Same goes for the salad — everything’s separate.

Of course, she doesn’t really expect the kids to eat any of it.

“But it’s exposure,” she says.

Darius can be convinced to try new things. Nikita has more trouble.

“Nikita, would you try a little salad please?” Lara asks. Nikita shakes her head no.

“I’m just going to put a little bit of it on your plate,” Lara continues.

Again with the head. “Please try a bit of lettuce.”

The head shaking becomes fiercer.

Finally, she takes a nibble. And winces.

Darius changes the subject. “Mom, what’s for dessert?”

“Nothing is for dessert,” Lara says.

Darius closes his eyes and tries a cucumber slice. He shudders, then goes for a bowl of Cheerios.

“You can eat your cereal, but please eat a couple pieces of cooked broccoli,” Lara says. “I know you like it.”

“I hate cooked broccoli,” he answers. “How about cooked marshmallows?

Nikita gets a second bowl of pasta, minus the sauce. Then she gets some Cheerios.

“You need to slow down a little bit to give your body a chance to catch up,” Lara says.

Shawn interjects. “We normally don’t talk about the food this much.”

The kids may be playing things up. Still, you wonder: Is changing your kids’ diet harder on the parents than it is on the kids?

ON A SPRING Tuesday, Lara is making the rounds at Whole Foods.

Into the cart go apples and carrots and broccoli. Yes, broccoli. Nikita’s even eating some now.

“It’s starting to get more natural and normal for us,” Lara says.

She picks up a small box of cereal for Nikita. The bulk packs might seem more economical, Lara explains, but it will inevitably lead to one of two things: Nikita will eat more or Lara will have to say no more.

She reads labels.

She gets ground buffalo to make burgers, and says she serves them on smaller buns, with a half slice of cheddar, seven French fries, a salad and some peas.

“The average American would look at that and say, that’s no food at all,” Lara says. “Four months ago, I would have said the same thing.”

Everyone was down 12 to 14 pounds.

What about all the time it takes to cook versus going out? Lara thinks she comes out even: “It doesn’t take any longer to stand in the kitchen for an hour than it does to wait for a table for 20 minutes, order your food and wait for it to come.”

The biggest surprise was financial. Her weekly Whole Foods bill is usually in the $150-to-$200 range. The Steeles realized they spent about the same amount when they were eating junk.

Sure, there have been some slip-ups. Lara says she sometimes just doesn’t have the energy to cook. The family went on vacation and indulged. They even went to McDonald’s once.

“The kids said it didn’t taste as good,” she says. “The last time we drove by, they said, ‘McDonald’s. Gross!’ ”

Maureen O’Hagan is a Pacific Northwest magazine staff writer. John Lok is a Seattle Times staff photographer.

To see more of The Seattle Times, or to subscribe to the newspaper, go to http://www.seattletimes.com.

Copyright © 2011, The Seattle Times

Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

When Nannette Magno looks at her youngest son, she sees a sweet 8-year-old who plays soccer and baseball and likes to help out in the kitchen.

Other people, she realized a few years ago, see something different. There was that day in church, for instance, when they ran into one of his classmates.

"That fat boy is in my school!" the kid yelled out, excited to see a familiar face.

Magno doesn't generally talk about this with other moms. It's too painful. But one day, looking for help, she will begin to share. First she'll show you his soccer team photo.

"He does stand out," she says. And indeed, he does.

She will go on to tell you that three of her four kids are significantly overweight and that she's overweight herself. She will confide that as much as she keeps it inside, the problem consumes her. She is confused. Frustrated. And ashamed.

"I feel sometimes we're being judged," she says quietly.

She's right, of course.

But also know this: Magno, a Seattle telecom analyst, is smart and hardworking, a devoted mom who reads nutrition labels, enrolls her kids in sports and cooks up homemade meals. She's trained her brood to actually like their vegetables. Yet ... there was that boy in church.

"You look at your kids and think, are they truly not normal?" she says. Then she wonders.

"Did I cause that?"

OK, stop right there. I know you're blaming Magno. You're probably blaming every other parent with overweight kids, too. But this is much more complicated than it might seem.

We're not going to make the usual pronouncements that families are stressed for time, that healthy food is expensive, that school lunch is the problem. We've all heard it before.

Instead, Magno and other parents are going to talk about the battle going on inside their heads. There's the relentless voice that tells them their kids are overweight, and the one that wants to protect them from the truth; the voice that makes them feel guilty when they let their kids have a treat and guilty when they say no; the one berating them to do more, and the one nagging at them -- as they see a world of hurt in their children's eyes -- that nothing they could say seems right.

Maybe you're already familiar with that voice. Because if the statistics are right -- that 30 percent of kids are overweight or obese -- a whole lot of you will read about these families and think, sadly, "That is us."

JUST SO we're clear, Woodinville mom Susan Stoltzfus would like to make a point. She and her son have weight problems, but that doesn't mean they're not trying to do something about it.

And another thing: The human body is a mysterious creation.

On the day her twins, Nathan and Noah, were born 14 years ago, there were 6 ounces difference between them. Quickly, they began to diverge.

"They are completely different in their weight and in their relationship with food," Stoltzfus says. Nathan struggles with his weight. Noah's a beanpole.

Clearly, there's something more than parenting going on here.

Stoltzfus recalls when the twins were nursing, Nathan always seemed so much hungrier than Noah. He cried more, so she'd feed him first. Any mother would. As the boys got older, Nathan's appetite continued.

Initially, it didn't seem like a problem. It's not as if they woke up one day and Nathan was suddenly huge. The weight just crept up.

Until the truth became inescapable. By the time they were 13, Nathan had 80 pounds on his twin.

But what was the solution? "Should I have sent him to Weight Watchers at 8?" Stoltzfus wonders. It seems ridiculous. Limiting one twin while indulging the other also seems fraught with problems.

By this point, too, habits had set in.

Now she and her husband were faced with a real challenge, one that's familiar to every parent out there. They had to figure out how to take things away -- things that Nathan, like most kids, had gotten quite accustomed to.

This is the crux of the problem.

STOLTZFUS KNOWS moms sometimes have to lay down the law. But sorting out weight issues? It's just so emotionally fraught. Every day she goes through the same balancing act in her head. She doesn't want to overemphasize food; parenting books advise against that. She doesn't want to dictate every food choice; she wants her teens to learn to make their own decisions. Most of all, she doesn't want to hurt Nathan.

"If I push him to do well with music it helps him develop his self-esteem," she notes. "If I push him to lose weight it has the opposite effect."

Nathan is doing better at eating reasonably, ever since he lost 37 pounds on Weight Watchers last year, but it's a daily struggle.

When he overindulges, Stoltzfus debates: Should I say something now? She factors in his mood, considers how he might best learn healthy habits for the long term. And she wonders: Will her words lead him to eat more?

Mostly, she tiptoes.

"There was always that feeling I was the fat guy," Nathan admits. "I never really told myself that, though. I would always cover it up."

He pauses. "It's actually kind of hard to accept."

Which brings up another point: Do you even want your kid to accept this?

NANETTE MAGNO doesn't want to hurt her kids, either. In the process, she's beating up on herself.

She traces the problem back to the Bagel Bites. They're pizza-like snacks you cook in the toaster oven, and her four kids loved them from the first taste. They wanted more and more.

Next it was chicken nuggets and frozen taquitos. And guilt.

"I got lazy," she says.

Hardly. She used to regularly get up at 3:30 in the morning to make soup, which she'd pour into thermoses for school. She'd work during the day, race around to her kids' activities, then be back in the kitchen for dinner, cooking up everything from salmon and asparagus to Filipino family recipes. Like her own mother, Magno would leave the pot on the stove, in case anyone wanted more.

Often, the kids would go back for seconds. Maybe even thirds. In some ways, it was flattering. At some point, though, she began trying to limit them.

That's when they'd pull the trump card. I'm still hungry. A kid says he's hungry, you can't just say no, can you? She tries, of course, then feels like a control freak. More guilt. "I'm so tired of being the watchdog all the time," she says.

The dilemmas never end. Her kid wants to have a pizza party after a team victory. Does she suggest a salad party instead? Going to church, to restaurants, even walking in the mall as a family, she feels the judgment.

"I think people are like, 'Look at that unhealthy family,' " she says.

At parties, she's convinced people are tracking how much her kids eat. It's probably true.

She has made changes. The family goes out less, and the kids get fruit with their lunch. She's talked to her mother about cutting back on her elaborate after-school snacks.

But it's not like there are visible results. Guilt times three.

"I'm kind of lost," she says.

What she and Stoltzfus are hearing from the experts -- eat more vegetables, buy lower-fat products, substitute fruit for cookies -- misses the point completely. What they need are strategies for subtraction.

That's where our next family comes in. They've made radical changes in their lifestyle.

Boy is it hard.

LESLIE WHITAKER remembers the moment it hit her. She was with her grandchildren, Nikita and Darius Steele, at the Great Wolf Lodge last November. As she looked around, she saw only one other kid shaped like them.

A doctor later confirmed what Whitakeer saw. At age 11 and 12, these Bellevue tweens were about 30 pounds overweight -- a third more than the charts said they should weigh. Nikita, a sixth-grader, had high cholesterol.

Whitaker, her daughter, Lara Steele, and Lara's husband, Shawn, had talked about making changes, but they were never able to stick to anything. Lara, who stays at home, would battle the kids all day trying to keep them from junkie snacks; Shawn would come home from work at Microsoft and say, "Let's go to Taco Bell!"

The night of the doctor's visit, the three adults holed up in the bedroom for a heart-to-heart. They talked about Whitaker's fondness for treating them to big pancake breakfasts; Lara's sweets; Shawn's fast food. All three had to make changes.

"We built a consensus that didn't point fingers," Whitaker says.

Consensus doesn't burn calories, of course. The situation called for drastic action: They'd go cold turkey. No meals out, period.

And they would no longer fix the kids a separate dinner, which usually wound up being frozen nuggets or mac and cheese in the playroom. Every night, they'd all sit at the table.

And the big one: If it was unhealthy, it wasn't allowed in the house.

The next morning, when the kids went to school, Lara and Leslie went through the kitchen. Out went the Oreos and the Cheez Whiz and the chips. Out went the Sprites and the sugar-filled fruit drinks. Out went the white rice and high-sodium cans of soup.

It took three hours. The castoffs filled the entire back of Lara's SUV.

"It was sad to realize how much junk I had in the house just to save time cooking," Steele says.

Then they went to Whole Foods. They deliberated over every purchase, read every label. The bill: $200.

They felt good.

When the kids heard the plan, they flipped.

"I threw an immature little-girl temper tantrum," Nikita says. "Also cried."

Darius opened the fridge. "It's all green!"

A FEW WEEKS into their new regimen, the Steele kids are still adjusting.

Walking to their school-carpool pickup site instead of driving isn't their idea of fun. But when Whitaker sets out one afternoon with Darius, he doesn't grumble too much.

Fifteen minutes later, he peers in the wibndow of a convenience store as they wait for Nikita. "Can I have a doughnut?"

And later, "Can I have some gum?"

He fidgets. "I need food now," he says.

"You may eat any fruit that you find at home," Whitaker tells him calmly. She has brought "no" back into their vocabulary.

As soon as Nikita gets out of the car, Darius spots it: "Nikita's got gum!" he says.

Back home, Whitaker gives the kids a snack of carrots, celery and peanut butter. Then she sets about making spaghetti sauce and whole-wheat pasta.

If she were making it for herself, she'd throw in a lot of vegetables. But for the kids?

"They're not going to want a sauce that complex," she says. "So I'll serve the broccoli and asparagus separately." Same goes for the salad -- everything's separate.

Of course, she doesn't really expect the kids to eat any of it.

"But it's exposure," she says.

Darius can be convinced to try new things. Nikita has more trouble.

"Nikita, would you try a little salad please?" Lara asks. Nikita shakes her head no.

"I'm just going to put a little bit of it on your plate," Lara continues.

Again with the head. "Please try a bit of lettuce."

The head shaking becomes fiercer.

Finally, she takes a nibble. And winces.

Darius changes the subject. "Mom, what's for dessert?"

"Nothing is for dessert," Lara says.

Darius closes his eyes and tries a cucumber slice. He shudders, then goes for a bowl of Cheerios.

"You can eat your cereal, but please eat a couple pieces of cooked broccoli," Lara says. "I know you like it."

"I hate cooked broccoli," he answers. "How about cooked marshmallows?

Nikita gets a second bowl of pasta, minus the sauce. Then she gets some Cheerios.

"You need to slow down a little bit to give your body a chance to catch up," Lara says.

Shawn interjects. "We normally don't talk about the food this much."

The kids may be playing things up. Still, you wonder: Is changing your kids' diet harder on the parents than it is on the kids?

ON A SPRING Tuesday, Lara is making the rounds at Whole Foods.

Into the cart go apples and carrots and broccoli. Yes, broccoli. Nikita's even eating some now.

"It's starting to get more natural and normal for us," Lara says.

She picks up a small box of cereal for Nikita. The bulk packs might seem more economical, Lara explains, but it will inevitably lead to one of two things: Nikita will eat more or Lara will have to say no more.

She reads labels.

She gets ground buffalo to make burgers, and says she serves them on smaller buns, with a half slice of cheddar, seven French fries, a salad and some peas.

"The average American would look at that and say, that's no food at all," Lara says. "Four months ago, I would have said the same thing."

Everyone was down 12 to 14 pounds.

What about all the time it takes to cook versus going out? Lara thinks she comes out even: "It doesn't take any longer to stand in the kitchen for an hour than it does to wait for a table for 20 minutes, order your food and wait for it to come."

The biggest surprise was financial. Her weekly Whole Foods bill is usually in the $150-to-$200 range. The Steeles realized they spent about the same amount when they were eating junk.

Sure, there have been some slip-ups. Lara says she sometimes just doesn't have the energy to cook. The family went on vacation and indulged. They even went to McDonald's once.

"The kids said it didn't taste as good," she says. "The last time we drove by, they said, 'McDonald's. Gross!' "

Maureen O'Hagan is a Pacific Northwest magazine staff writer. John Lok is a Seattle Times staff photographer.

To see more of The Seattle Times, or to subscribe to the newspaper, go to http://www.seattletimes.com.

Copyright © 2011, The Seattle Times

Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

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Curcumin – A Long List of Benefits… From a Single Indian Spice

How many ways can a single supplement called curcumin-derived from the spice known as turmeric-transform your health? Well, if you're still skeptical that this humble curry spice could benefit practically every single system in your body, prepare to be surprised.

For starters, just consider curcumin's powerful effect on cognitive health. This herb's proven ability to balance inflammatory responses, mop up free radicals and break up unhealthy plaques and proteins has made it a prominent focus of research in the area of both memory and mental function.1-5 Curcumin is also an effective natural mood-balancing agent-with research showing that it can enhance the release of key "feel-good" neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, while curbing stress-related behaviors and stimulating brain cell repair.

But that's not all: Curcumin is a scientifically supported powerhouse when it comes to lung support, too. Animal studies show that supplementation with this compound inhibits the inflammatory signaling factor NFkappaB-resulting in decreased total numbers of allergy-related cells and substances (including white blood cells, eosinophils and IgE) in the lung fluid of mice with sensitive airways.14 In fact, curcumin is demonstrated to modulate a wide array of immune cells and factors-from T and B cells, macrophages and neutrophils to natural killer cells, interleukins and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-which enhances its ability to maintain a healthy immune balance in the lungs and other parts of your body.

Strong, flexible joints are another well-known benefit of curcumin supplementation, with animal studies showing dose-related benefits in balancing inflammation, cartilage integrity and bone density. This spice can even provide unparalleled support for several key organs: Research indicates that it can improve creatinine and urea clearance from your kidneys, support healthy liver detoxification and ensure a strong, healthy heart muscle, while maintaining free-flowing, flexible arteries with routine use.

Ultimately, a growing body of studies suggests that a high-quality curcumin supplement may be one of the most effective ways to preserve total-body health-and now, researchers have discovered a way to make your daily dose more powerful than ever. Clinical studies show that a new optimized form of curcumin (called Longvida) can boost blood levels of this natural compound significantly higher than more conventional forms, while also boasting the unique ability to cross the blood-brain barrier-making it the only choice for superior results and lasting, lifelong health.23

Longvida is available now from Vitamin Research Products, both as a standalone supplement and as part of the daily brain-boosting formula DejaVida.





References:
1. Kulkarni SK, Dhir A. An overview of curcumin in neurological disorders. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2010 Mar;72(2):149-54.
2. Zhang C, Browne A, Child D, Tanzi RE. Curcumin decreases amyloid-beta peptide levels by attenuating the maturation of amyloid-beta precursor protein. J Biol Chem. 2010 Sep 10;285(37):28472-80.
3. Yanagisawa D, Shirai N, Amatsubo T, et al. Relationship between the tautomeric structures of curcumin derivatives and their Abeta-binding activities in the context of therapies for Alzheimer's disease. Biomaterials. 2010 May;31(14):4179-85.
4. Ringman JM, Frautschy SA, Cole GM, et al. A potential role of the curry spice curcumin in Alzheimer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2005 Apr;2(2):131-6.
5. Frautschy SA, Cole GM. Why pleiotropic interventions are needed for Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurobiol. 2010 Jun;41(2-3):392-409.
6. Kulkarni S, Dhir A, Akula KK. Potentials of curcumin as an antidepressant. ScientificWorld Journal. 2009 Nov 1;9:1233-41.
7. Xu Y, Ku B, Cui L, et al Curcumin reverses impaired hippocampal neurogenesis and increases serotonin receptor 1A mRNA and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in chronically stressed rats. Brain Res. 2007 Aug 8;1162:9-18.
8. Bhutani MK, Bishnoi M, Kulkarni SK. Anti-depressant like effect of curcumin and its combination with piperine in unpredictable chronic stress-induced behavioral, biochemical and neurochemical changes. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2009 Mar;92(1):39-43.
9. Wang R, Xu Y, Wu HL, et al. The antidepressant effects of curcumin in the forced swimming test involve 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Jan 6;578(1):43-50.
10. Xu Y, Ku BS, Yao HY, et al. The effects of curcumin on depressive-like behaviors in mice. Eur J Pharma col. 2005 Jul 25;518(1):40-6.
11. Bharal N, Sahaya K, Jain S, et al. Curcumin has anticonvulsant activity on increasing current electroshock seizures in mice. Phytother Res. 2008 Dec;22(12):1660-4.
12. Jyoti A, Sethi P, Sharma D. Curcumin protects against electrobehavioral progression of seizures in the iron-induced experimental model of epileptogenesis. Epilepsy Behav. 2009 Feb;14(2):300-8. Epub 2008 Dec 17.
13. Sumanont Y, Murakami Y, Tohda M, et al. Prevention of kainic acid-induced changes in nitric oxide level and neuronal cell damage in the rat hippoca
14. Oh SW, Cha JY, Jung JE, et al. Curcumin attenuates allergic airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness in mice through NF-kappaB inhibition J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Jul 17. [Epub ahead of print]
15. Jagetia GC, Aggarwal BB. "Spicing up" of the immune system by curcumin. J Clin Immunol. 2007 Jan;27(1):19-35. Epub 2007 Jan 9.
16. Biswas S, Rahman I. Modulation of steroid activity in chronic inflammation: a novel anti-inflammatory role for curcumin. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2008 Sep;52(9):987-94.
17. Mun SH, Kim HS, Kim JW, et al. Oral administration of curcumin suppresses production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 to ameliorate collagen-induced arthritis: inhibition of the PKCdelta/JNK/c-Jun pathway. J Pharmacol Sci. 2009 Sep;111(1):13-21.
18. Clutterbuck AL, Mobasheri A, Shakibaei M, et al. Interleukin-1beta-induced extracellular matrix degradation and glycosaminoglycan release is inhibited by curcumin in an explant model of cartilage inflammation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Aug;1171:428-35.
19. Mathy-Hartert M, Jacquemond-Collet I, Priem F, et al. Curcumin inhibits pro-inflammatory mediators and metalloproteinase-3 production by chondrocytes. Inflamm Res. 2009 Dec;58(12):899-908.
20. Osawa T. Nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of curcuminoids. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007;595:407-23.
21. Wongcharoen W, Phrommintikul A. The protective role of curcumin in cardiovascular diseases. Int J Cardiol. 2009 Apr 3;133(2):145-51.
22. Srivastava G, Mehta JL. Currying the heart: curcumin and cardioprotection. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Mar;14(1):22-7.
23. Frautschy SA et al. Efficacy of curcumin formulations in relation to systemic availability in the brain and different blood compartments in neuroinflammatory and AD models at the 39th Annual Meeting of the Society of Neuroscience, Chicago, October 2009.

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From Attention Span to Age Spots, DMAE Tackles It All

It’s not a name that rolls off the tongue-that’s for sure. But it doesn’t stop dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) from being one of the most versatile, safe and powerfully effective healthy aging supplements around… whether you’re after razor sharp concentration or a youthful complexion.

As a naturally occurring substance that you can find in brain-boosting foods like anchovies and sardines, DMAE’s positive effects on attention, mood, behavior, learning and motor coordination should come as no surprise. This compound has long been recognized for its ability to stimulate the production of choline (a precursor to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is critical to learning and memory)… and you’ll be happy to hear that its reputation as a cognitive booster is backed up by some serious science, too.1-3

Research indicates that DMAE supplementation can support quick thinking, enhance concentration, positively impact mood and IQ, and cut through brain fog and irritability-safely, non-addictively and without jittery side effects.4-5 Studies also reveal DMAE’s distinct edge over placebo when it comes to the puzzle-solving, organizational and functioning capacity of children.6-7

Of course, attention span and learning capacity aren’t the only mental faculties supported by a daily dose of DMAE. A recent study of individuals showed that DMAE can also enhance mood and promote a sense of well-being-while further research supports this substance’s potentially important role in controlling involuntary movement, such as eyelid twitching.8-11

Even your skin tone can benefit from routine DMAE supplementation: One double-blind study showed that a gel containing a three percent concentration of DMAE was able to significantly firm and enhance skin tone.12 And even more evidence supports DMAE’s role in blocking the build-up of lipofuscin-the brownish pigment behind the appearance of so-called "age spots"-in your body’s tissues, leading to clearer, tighter, younger-looking skin.13

Finally, animal research suggests that DMAE may even contribute to life extension, with studies showing a significant impact on the lifespan of DMAE-supplemented mice… offering one more reason to stock up on this mood-balancing, memory-sharpening, concentration-boosting, skin-supporting compound today.14 You can find DMAE as the featured ingredient in the daily supplements DMAE 100 Plus and DMAE 250, both available from Vitamin Research Products.

References:
1. London ED, Coyle JT. Pharmacological augmentation of acetylcholine levels in kainate lesioned rat striatum. Biochem Pharmacol. 1978;27:2962-2965.
2. Haubrich D.R., Wang P.F., D.E. Clody D.E., Wedecking P.W. Increase in rat brain acetylcholine induced by choline or deanol. Life Sci. 1975;17:975-980.
3. Jope R.S., Jenden D.J. Dimethylaminoethanol (deanol) metabolism in rat brain and its effect on acetylcholine synthesis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1979;211:472-479.
4. Pfeiffer G.C. Parasympathetic neurohormones. possible precursors and effect on behavior. Int Review of Neurobiology. 1959;195-244.
5. Oettinger L. The use of Deanol in the treatment of disorders of behavior in children. J Pediat. 1958;53:761-675.
6. Geller, S. J. Comparison of a tranquilizer and a psychic energizer. JAMA. 1960;174:89-92.
7. Coleman, N., Dexheimer, P., Dimascio, A., Redman, W., and Finnerty, R. Deanol in the treatment of hyperkinetic children. Psychosomatics. 1976;17:68-72.
8. Sergio W. Use of DMAE in the induction of lucid dreams. Med Hypotheses. 1988;26(4):255-257.
9. Dimpfel W., Wedekind W., Keplinger I. Efficacy of dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) containing vitamin-mineral drug combination on EEG patterns in the presence of different emotional states. Eur J Med Res. 2003 May 30;8(5):183-91.
10. Miller E. Deanol (DMAE) in the treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesias. Neurology. February 1974;116-119.
11. Davis KL, Hollister LE, Vento AL, Beilstein BA, Rosekind GR. Dimethylaminoethanol (deanol): effect on apomorphine-induced stereotype and an animal model of tardive dyskinesia. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1979 May 25;63(2):143-6.
12. Uhoda I, Faska N, Robert C, Cauwenbergh G, Pierard GE. Split face study on the cutaneous tensile effect of 2-dimethylaminoethanol (deanol) gel. Skin Res Technol. 2002 Aug;8(3):164-7.
13. Stenback F, Weisburger JH, Williams GM. Effect of lifetime administration of dimethylaminoethanol on longevity, aging changes, and cryptogenic neoplasms in C3H mice. Mech Ageing Dev. 1988 Feb;42(2):129-38.
14. Hochschild R. Effect of dimethylaminoethanol on the life span of senile male A/J mice. Exp Gerontol. 1973;8(4):185-191.

It's not a name that rolls off the tongue-that's for sure. But it doesn't stop dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) from being one of the most versatile, safe and powerfully effective healthy aging supplements around... whether you're after razor sharp concentration or a youthful complexion.

As a naturally occurring substance that you can find in brain-boosting foods like anchovies and sardines, DMAE's positive effects on attention, mood, behavior, learning and motor coordination should come as no surprise. This compound has long been recognized for its ability to stimulate the production of choline (a precursor to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is critical to learning and memory)... and you'll be happy to hear that its reputation as a cognitive booster is backed up by some serious science, too.1-3

Research indicates that DMAE supplementation can support quick thinking, enhance concentration, positively impact mood and IQ, and cut through brain fog and irritability-safely, non-addictively and without jittery side effects.4-5 Studies also reveal DMAE's distinct edge over placebo when it comes to the puzzle-solving, organizational and functioning capacity of children.6-7

Of course, attention span and learning capacity aren't the only mental faculties supported by a daily dose of DMAE. A recent study of individuals showed that DMAE can also enhance mood and promote a sense of well-being-while further research supports this substance's potentially important role in controlling involuntary movement, such as eyelid twitching.8-11

Even your skin tone can benefit from routine DMAE supplementation: One double-blind study showed that a gel containing a three percent concentration of DMAE was able to significantly firm and enhance skin tone.12 And even more evidence supports DMAE's role in blocking the build-up of lipofuscin-the brownish pigment behind the appearance of so-called "age spots"-in your body's tissues, leading to clearer, tighter, younger-looking skin.13

Finally, animal research suggests that DMAE may even contribute to life extension, with studies showing a significant impact on the lifespan of DMAE-supplemented mice... offering one more reason to stock up on this mood-balancing, memory-sharpening, concentration-boosting, skin-supporting compound today.14 You can find DMAE as the featured ingredient in the daily supplements DMAE 100 Plus and DMAE 250, both available from Vitamin Research Products.



References:
1. London ED, Coyle JT. Pharmacological augmentation of acetylcholine levels in kainate lesioned rat striatum. Biochem Pharmacol. 1978;27:2962-2965.
2. Haubrich D.R., Wang P.F., D.E. Clody D.E., Wedecking P.W. Increase in rat brain acetylcholine induced by choline or deanol. Life Sci. 1975;17:975-980.
3. Jope R.S., Jenden D.J. Dimethylaminoethanol (deanol) metabolism in rat brain and its effect on acetylcholine synthesis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1979;211:472-479.
4. Pfeiffer G.C. Parasympathetic neurohormones. possible precursors and effect on behavior. Int Review of Neurobiology. 1959;195-244.
5. Oettinger L. The use of Deanol in the treatment of disorders of behavior in children. J Pediat. 1958;53:761-675.
6. Geller, S. J. Comparison of a tranquilizer and a psychic energizer. JAMA. 1960;174:89-92.
7. Coleman, N., Dexheimer, P., Dimascio, A., Redman, W., and Finnerty, R. Deanol in the treatment of hyperkinetic children. Psychosomatics. 1976;17:68-72.
8. Sergio W. Use of DMAE in the induction of lucid dreams. Med Hypotheses. 1988;26(4):255-257.
9. Dimpfel W., Wedekind W., Keplinger I. Efficacy of dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) containing vitamin-mineral drug combination on EEG patterns in the presence of different emotional states. Eur J Med Res. 2003 May 30;8(5):183-91.
10. Miller E. Deanol (DMAE) in the treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesias. Neurology. February 1974;116-119.
11. Davis KL, Hollister LE, Vento AL, Beilstein BA, Rosekind GR. Dimethylaminoethanol (deanol): effect on apomorphine-induced stereotype and an animal model of tardive dyskinesia. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1979 May 25;63(2):143-6.
12. Uhoda I, Faska N, Robert C, Cauwenbergh G, Pierard GE. Split face study on the cutaneous tensile effect of 2-dimethylaminoethanol (deanol) gel. Skin Res Technol. 2002 Aug;8(3):164-7.
13. Stenback F, Weisburger JH, Williams GM. Effect of lifetime administration of dimethylaminoethanol on longevity, aging changes, and cryptogenic neoplasms in C3H mice. Mech Ageing Dev. 1988 Feb;42(2):129-38.
14. Hochschild R. Effect of dimethylaminoethanol on the life span of senile male A/J mice. Exp Gerontol. 1973;8(4):185-191.

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Sleep+ Time Release

NEW sleep+ time release


sleep+ time release
In a busy world where we are stimulated more than ever before, it is challenging to be able to wind down enough to fall asleep and to stay asleep. Did you know that a lack of quality sleep has far reaching effects on our health? Our mood, energy levels, hormone function, ability to handle stress, immune function, productivity, and ability to control weight are all impacted when we are not getting the proper rest our body needs. The increasing prevalence of using pharmaceutical sleep aids leaves us unnaturally sedated, groggy around the clock and needing more due to their addictive nature.

sleep+ time release uses 2 key ingredients that helps you to fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer, so you wake up feeling refreshed and ready for the day in a non-habit forming formula:

Passionflower

  • Relaxes and calms the mind so that you can fall asleep with ease
  • Clinical studies show that Passionflower reduces anxiety and distress.

Time Released Melatonin

  • Naturally generated by the pineal gland when our body needs it the most – 3 to 3.5 hours after falling asleep – Melatonin is essential for sleep
  • Allows for achieving restorative sleep cycles which are integral to immune function, tissue repair, well-being and mental outlook.

sleep+ time release’s unique beadlet system allows the Passionflower to take effect immediately, helping you fall asleep quickly, while the time-released Melatonin peaks 3 to 3.5 hours after ingestion, aligning with our body’s own naturally release preventing you from waking up, allowing for undisrupted sleep.

Give yourself the gift of a good night’s sleep and a refreshed feeling all day long!

NEW sleep+ time release


sleep+ time release
In a busy world where we are stimulated more than ever before, it is challenging to be able to wind down enough to fall asleep and to stay asleep. Did you know that a lack of quality sleep has far reaching effects on our health? Our mood, energy levels, hormone function, ability to handle stress, immune function, productivity, and ability to control weight are all impacted when we are not getting the proper rest our body needs. The increasing prevalence of using pharmaceutical sleep aids leaves us unnaturally sedated, groggy around the clock and needing more due to their addictive nature.

sleep+ time release uses 2 key ingredients that helps you to fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer, so you wake up feeling refreshed and ready for the day in a non-habit forming formula:

Passionflower
  • Relaxes and calms the mind so that you can fall asleep with ease
  • Clinical studies show that Passionflower reduces anxiety and distress.
Time Released Melatonin
  • Naturally generated by the pineal gland when our body needs it the most - 3 to 3.5 hours after falling asleep - Melatonin is essential for sleep
  • Allows for achieving restorative sleep cycles which are integral to immune function, tissue repair, well-being and mental outlook.
sleep+ time release's unique beadlet system allows the Passionflower to take effect immediately, helping you fall asleep quickly, while the time-released Melatonin peaks 3 to 3.5 hours after ingestion, aligning with our body's own naturally release preventing you from waking up, allowing for undisrupted sleep.

Give yourself the gift of a good night's sleep and a refreshed feeling all day long!

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